Cycles of heat and aerial-exposure induce changes in the transcriptome related to cell regulation and metabolism in Myti
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Cycles of heat and aerial‑exposure induce changes in the transcriptome related to cell regulation and metabolism in Mytilus californianus Kwasi Connor1 · Andrew Y. Gracey2 Received: 23 September 2019 / Accepted: 3 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus is subjected to thermal and oxygen cycles due to fluctuations of the tidal cycle. Mussels that reside in high-shore microenvironments experience extended periods of aerial-exposure and greater thermal challenges than low-shore populations. In this study, we investigated the combined effect of daily extended periods of aerialexposure and midday thermal events on the physiology of mussels by monitoring transcriptome-wide gene expression in a simulated tidal environment. Mussels were acclimated to aerial-exposure for 20 h a day combined with a simulated midday solar heating event of + 8 °C. Results revealed that 11% of the transcriptome exhibited robust patterns of rhythmic gene expression. Two broad sets of genes were induced, including one that was upregulated during the daytime thermal stress period and another following the 4-h evening high-tide. The daytime thermal stress associated gene set was enriched for genes related to cellular regulatory pathways such as those that encode transcription factors while genes expressed following evening submergence varied in functional theme. Additionally, genes related to energy metabolism were also upregulated during warming periods of the tidal cycle. Comparing these data to published data from a previous tidal simulation study revealed that acclimation to daily heat stress yielded a muted transcriptional response to heat compared to an acute response observed in mussels maintained under isothermal conditions. These results indicate that M. californianus displays phenotypic plasticity with respect to transcriptomic expression and that this trait likely promotes homeostasis in the intertidal environment.
Introduction The marine intertidal zone is a highly variable environment because it alternates between terrestrial and marine habitats as a consequence of hourly changes in tide levels. Temporal Responsible Editor: A. E. Todgham. Reviewed by undisclosed experts Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-020-03750-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kwasi Connor [email protected] Andrew Y. Gracey [email protected] 1
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
Department of Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
2
changes in tidal height subject sessile inhabitants of the intertidal zone to large variations in temperature, oxygen availability, and feeding opportunities (Menge and Branch 2001; Helmuth et al. 2002). The competitive dominant mussel, Mytilus californianus is highly adapted to the rigors of the fluctuating intertid
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