Development, evaluation and genetic analysis of sulfosulfuron herbicide resistance in sorghum
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2017 (December) 20 (4) : 315 ~ 325 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-017-0109-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Development, Evaluation and Genetic Analysis of Sulfosulfuron Herbicide Resistance in Sorghum David K. Ndung’u1*, John Derera2, Pangirayi Tongoona3, Joel Ransom4 1
Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), Nairobi, Kenya Seed Co Limited, Zimbabwe 3 West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana 4 North Dakota State University, USA 2
Received: August 18, 2017 / Revised: October 04, 2017 / Accepted: October 20, 2017 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2017
Abstract Herbicide tolerant varieties in combination with herbicide seed treatments can be used to manage Striga. However, there are no herbicide resistant sorghum varieties in Kenya. The objectives of this study, therefore, were to develop sulfosulfuron resistance in sorghum, to determine the level of resistance in resultant herbicide tolerant mutants, and to determine the genetic inheritance of herbicide tolerance in sorghum. Five ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS)-derived sulfosulfuron tolerant mutants (designated hb6, hb8, hb12, hb56, and hb462) were identified and selfed to M4 generation. Varying rates of sulfosulfuron, either as a spray or seed coat, were applied to determine the level of tolerance of the mutant lines. Mutant lines were also crossed with the wild-type Seredo and among themselves to determine mode of inheritance. Results showed that the susceptible wild-type Seredo was killed at the lowest herbicide rates of 0.5 g ha-1 and 1 g ha-1 sulfosulfuron. Dry matter from the spraying and seed coating experiments showed mutants to be up to 170 times more resistant to sulfosulfuron than the wild-type. The LD50 values indicated a general trend of hb46 > hb12 > hb462 ~ hb56 > hb8 for level of tolerance under both spraying and seed coating experiments. The F2 progeny of mutant X wild-type crosses segregated in a 1:2:1 fashion for resistant, intermediate, and susceptible, indicating semi-dominant inheritance. Intercrosses between mutant lines did not segregate for resistance in the F2 generation indicating the same mutation could be responsible for the tolerance in all five mutants. Key words : Sorghum, mutants, LD50, herbicide tolerance, wild-type
Introduction A potential strategy to manage Striga is the use of herbicides together with herbicide-tolerant varieties. Many studies (Abayo et al. 1998; Adu-Tutu and Drennan 1991; Kanampiu et al. 2003) have indicated the potential of herbicides to control Striga in cereal crops. However, the appropriate mode of application of these herbicides to control Striga in sorghum has not been tested under subsistence farming systems. The use of herbicide seed coating to control Striga has been demonstrated in maize (Abayo et al. 1998; Berner et al. 1997; Kanampiu et al. 2001). With this technology, the herbicide that is coated onto herbicide tolerant seeds is able to kill any Striga plants that attach onto the host roots while sparing the host crop. However, for
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