Dietary Probiotic Bacillus licheniformis H2 Enhanced Growth Performance, Morphology of Small Intestine and Liver, and An
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Dietary Probiotic Bacillus licheniformis H2 Enhanced Growth Performance, Morphology of Small Intestine and Liver, and Antioxidant Capacity of Broiler Chickens Against Clostridium perfringens–Induced Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis Ying Zhao 1 & Dong Zeng 1 & Hesong Wang 2 & Xiaodan Qing 1 & Ning Sun 1 & Jinge Xin 1 & Min Luo 1 & Abdul Khalique 1 & Kangcheng Pan 1 & Gang Shu 1 & Bo Jing 1 & Xueqin Ni 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The reduction in the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry has considerably increased the appearance of Clostridium perfringens (CP)–induced subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE), forcing researchers to search alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) like probiotics. This study aimed to investigate the effect and the underlying potential mechanism of dietary supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis H2 to prevent SNE. A total of 180 1-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly divided into three groups, with six replicates in each group and ten broilers per pen: (a) basal diet in negative control group(NC group); (b) basal diet + SNE infection(coccidiosis vaccine + CP) (SNE group); (c) basal diet + SNE infection + H2 pre-treatment(BL group). Growth performance, morphologyofsmallintestineandliver,andantioxidantcapacityoftheserum,ileum,andliverwereassessedinallthreegroups.Theresults showed that H2 significantly suppressed (P < 0.05) the negative effects on growth performance induced by SNE, including loss of body weight gain, decrease of feed intake, and raise of feed conversion ratio among the different treatments at 28 days. The addition of H2 also increased (P < 0.05) the villus height: crypt depth ratio as well as villus height in the ileum. Chicks fed with H2 diet had lower malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the ileum in BL group than that in SNE group (P < 0.05). Moreover, compared with other treatment groups, dietary H2 improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the ileum, serum, and liver (P < 0.05). H2 may also prevent SNE bysignificantlyincreasingthe protein content(P 0.05) compared with that of NC group. BWG of the broilers infected with SNE was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in other groups. The BL group had the highest weight gain, which indicated that weight gain of infected broilers was recovered due to supplementation of H2. In addition, FCR of broilers in SNE groups significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with those in the NC group and BL group and no significant difference was detected (P > 0.05) between the NC group and BL group.
Table 2 Effect of Bacillus licheniformis H2 on growth performance in 28-day broilers (mean ± SEM) Parameter
NC
SNE
BL
SEM
P value
FI (g) BWG (g) FCR (g/g)
1666.00ab 1055.00a 1.58b
1647.33b 965.00b 1.71a
1680.00a 1073.33a 1.57b
11.61 37.72 0.05
0.041 0.026 0.024
Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 6 a, b
Means in the same column with different superscripts were significantly different (P < 0.05) while with same superscripts didn’t hav
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