Effect of Garlic and Lemongrass Essential Oils on Some Biological and Biochemical Aspects of Corn Stem Borer Sesamia cre
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Proc Zool Soc https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-020-00348-0
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of Garlic and Lemongrass Essential Oils on Some Biological and Biochemical Aspects of Corn Stem Borer Sesamia cretica Larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) During Diapausing Phase Elham Ahmed Abdel-Hakim1 • Samar Sayed Ibrahim1
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Nagwa Yousef Salem1
Received: 2 April 2020 / Revised: 4 July 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 Ó Zoological Society, Kolkata, India 2020
Abstract The toxicity of two essential oils garlic and lemongrass were tested against diapausing destined larvae of the corn stem borer Sesamia cretica (Led.). Some biological aspects of garlic and lemongrass oils were evaluated on 2nd and the last (6th) instar diapausing destined larvae by dipping (feeding) method. Garlic and lemongrass oils were topically applied on the dorsum of diapausing 6th larval instar for 72 h to evaluate their toxicity on the total nutrient contents (proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) and compared to that found in the control. The two oils had a significant reduction effect on larval duration and larval weight leading to increase the percentage of larval mortality. When the newly ecdysed last instar diapause-destined larvae of S. cretica treated with garlic oil at the concentration LC50, they had induced to undergo up to 2 stationary larval moulting expressed in (50%), while lemongrass oil has proved to be more efficient in inducing larvae to undergo up to 3 stationary larval moults (92.3%). Death as expressed in the mortality % had occurred mostly in the larval instar or in rare cases as larval–pupal intermediate after surviving as such up to 1–2 months. Our results show that lemongrass oil had no effect on total protein and lipid contents of treated larvae, while garlic oil increased total protein. Carbohydrates serve as the labile energy source of these larvae and may be converted to lipids for storage. It seems that the observed disturbance of nutrient content during diapause stage and may be key element in induction and termination of facultative diapause of S. cretica. The total carbohydrates content reduced significantly in diapausing larvae treated with the two oils. The results of this study demonstrated that essential oils of garlic and & Samar Sayed Ibrahim [email protected] 1
National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
lemongrass have significant toxic effects on certain biological and biochemical parameters of S. cretica through breaking the diapause stage, and could be helpful in further research for practical control of this insect pest. Keywords Essential oils Sesamia cretica Diapausing stage Biological study Biochemical study
Introduction Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important grain crops in Egypt; it plays an important role in several principal economic industries as corn oil, fructose, and sugar and starch production. The corn stem borer Sesamia cretica (Lederer) (Lep., Noctuidae) is a major pest of cultivated maize especially in Egypt, its host range extends
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