Effects of yellow and red bell pepper (paprika) extracts on pathogenic microorganisms, cancerous cells and inhibition of
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effects of yellow and red bell pepper (paprika) extracts on pathogenic microorganisms, cancerous cells and inhibition of survivin Xiaowen Hu1 • Kandasamy Saravanakumar1 • Tieyan Jin2 • Myeong-Hyeon Wang1
Revised: 5 December 2019 / Accepted: 11 December 2019 Ó Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2020
Abstract The present work examined the biomedical value of red and yellow bell pepper extracts (YME and RME) in terms of antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities by in vitro and virtual studies. The yield of extract was 3.49% for RME and 2.92% for YME. The level of total phenols and total flavonoids significantly varied between the type of extracts, and it was higher in RME than that in YME. The extracts showed promising DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging rates. The extracts showed an excellent antibacterial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of RME was 0.20 mg mL-1 for Bacillus cereus, 0.30 mg mL-1 for Escherichia coli, 0.50 mg mL-1 for Staphylococcus aureus and 0.60 mg mL-1 and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the MIC of YME was 0.40 mg mL-1 for B. cereus, 0.40 mg mL-1 for E. coli, 0.50 mg mL-1 for S. aureus, and 0.60 mg mL-1 for P. aeruginosa. TEM results demonstrated the cellular damage induced by RME in B. cereus biofilm. The RME did not show any cytotoxicity in normal NIH3T3 cells, but at 125 lg mL-1 did a strong cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cell line A549 as evident Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04663-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Xiaowen Hu and Kandasamy Saravanakumar have equally contributed. & Myeong-Hyeon Wang [email protected] 1
Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea
2
Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
by cytotoxicity assay, ROS and AO/EB staining. The virtual biological examination indicated that b-carotene from RME was a potential compound with higher docking energy against both targeted enzymes and proteins as - 14.30 for LpxC and - 15.59 for survivin. Therefore, it is recommended that RME is a better functional food with novel biomedical properties and it deserves further evaluation for its the novel molecules against multidrug resistant pathogens. Keywords Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity Anticancer effect Capsicum annuum Multidrug resistance
Introduction Although, the advanced medical research enabled the discovery of novel drugs pertaining the emergence of disease incidences, there are several diseases (Gu¨lc¸in 2012; Bursal and Gu¨lc¸in 2011) such as pediatric obesity, fatty liver, diabetes, and arteriosclerosis that are yet to be properly diagnosed or treated. Incidence of the chronic diseases are increasing because of the accumulation of high-level free radicals and fat in the human body by over-consumption of meat
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