Efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging with an SPGR sequence for the early evaluation of knee cartilage degeneration and
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(2019) 14:152
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging with an SPGR sequence for the early evaluation of knee cartilage degeneration and the relationship between cartilage and other tissues Xin Yang1†, Zhuoyang Li2†, Yongping Cao1*, Yufeng Xu3, He Wang3, Licheng Wen1, Zhichao Meng1, Heng Liu1, Rui Wang1 and Xiang Li1
Abstract Rationale and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a spoiled gradient-recalled (SPGR) sequence to evaluate early knee cartilage degeneration and the relationship between cartilage and other tissues using a modified Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS). Materials and methods: Eighty-four patients with knee joint pain were evaluated by X-ray and MRI with an SPGR sequence from June 2015 to December 2016. Joint degeneration was graded by two experienced radiologists using the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading scale. The modified WORMS was used to evaluate cartilage lesions, bone marrow abnormalities, bone cysts, osteophytes, joint effusion and synovitis. The difference between the WORMS of the SPGR and the T2 sequences evaluated by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was determined, and the relationships between the WORMS features were evaluated by a Spearman correlation. Results: The modified WORMS for the cartilage lesion evaluation was significantly higher with the SPGR sequence than with the T2 sequence (P < 0.05). The cartilage lesions showed a moderate correlation with osteophytes, synovitis and joint effusion (Rs > 0.40, P < 0.05) and weak correlations with bone marrow abnormalities and bone cysts (Rs < 0.4, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The modified WORMS evaluation using MRI with the SPGR sequence was much better than the normal sequence for early knee osteoarthritis (OA). The cartilage lesions are associated with bone marrow abnormalities and the other features of OA. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Magnetic resonance imaging, Spoiled gradient-recalled sequence, Cartilage lesions
Introduction Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common noninvasive imaging diagnostic technique for soft tissue. However, cartilage lesions cannot be distinctly observed via the typically used MRI sequences [1]. The three-dimensional fat-suppressed spoiled gradient-recalled (3D-FS-SPGR) * Correspondence: [email protected] † Xin Yang and Zhuoyang Li contributed equally to this study and share first authorship. 1 Department of Orthopedics, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, Beijing, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
sequence, which has a high contrast/noise ratio (CNR), can improve the contrast between the cartilage and the surrounding bone marrow by fat suppression to better display the cartilage [2]. There are few studies that report the usage of the SPGR sequence for the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a modified WORMS using MRI with the
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