Evaluating public school district performance via DEA gain functions
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Journal of the Operational Research Society (2002) 53, 992-1003
?2002 Operational Research Society Ltd. All rights reserved. 0160-5682/02 $15.00 www.palgrave-journals.com/jors
Evaluatingpublic school districtperformancevia DEA gain functions H Fukuyamal* and WL Weber2 'Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; and 2Southeast Missouri State University, Cape Girardeau, MO, USA
analysis(DEA) Existingmeasuresof inputallocativeefficiencymaybe biasedwhenestimatedvia dataenvelopment becauseof the possibilityof slackin the constraints definingthe referencetechnology.In this paperwe derivea new the measureof inputallocativeefficiencyandcompareit to existingmeasures.We measureefficiencyby comparing unit relativeto Koopmans'efficientsubsetof the directand indirectoutput actualoutputsof a decision-making possibilitysets.Weestimatethe existingmeasuresandournew measureof inputallocativeefficiencyfor a sampleof publicschooldistrictsoperatingin Texas. Journal of the OperationalResearch Society (2002) 53, 992-1003. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601417
theory;schoolefficiency analysis(DEA);FarrellandZieschanggainfunctions;production Keywords:dataenvelopment
public school spending,the identificationof input allocative efficiency is an importantissue for policy makers. In the three decades following publicationof the 'Coleman Early attemptsat estimating the allocative efficiency of Report'1various states and the federal governmentimpleschools involved specification of a single output-multiple mented reforms to try to improve student achievement. input production function and estimation of the marginal Although these modem day efforts stem from citizens' effects of school inputs via regression techniques. Given and policy-makers'desiresto improveschool accountability, input prices and estimatedmarginalproducts,one can then Rapple2 finds that government concern over school effimake inferences on how resources should be reallocated. ciency dates from at least 1862-1897, when governmental Hanushek3provides an excellent overview of the issues grants to English and Welsh elementaryschools depended involved in estimating educational production functions. on how well students answeredquestions administeredby Because schools typically produce multiple outputs, reHer Majesty's Inspectors. Since many studies (Hanushek3 searcherssubsequentlyturned to other techniques, such as providesa revi
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