Features influencing policy recommendations for the promotion of zero-emission vehicles in Slovenia, Spain, and Poland
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Features influencing policy recommendations for the promotion of zero‑emission vehicles in Slovenia, Spain, and Poland Matjaz Knez1 · Borut Jereb1 · Eulalia Jadraque Gago2 · Joanna Rosak‑Szyrocka3 · Matevz Obrecht1 Received: 19 December 2019 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To make society more sustainable, cleaner transportation technologies, such as zero-emission vehicles and sustainable mobility, are being investigated, promoted, and supported by different policy measures. The emphasis of this paper is determining the zero-emission vehicle features that can influence specific policy recommendations; this understanding can boost zeroemission vehicle use as a potential cleaner transportation technology among different consumer segments in different EU member states. A customer-oriented study of over 1500 Slovenians, Spaniards, and Poles revealed the most relevant zeroemission vehicle-purchasing features are: (a) vehicle price and (b) fuel economy. The percentage of potential zero-emission vehicle buyers is said to rise to 80% should the price of electric cars decrease and fuel price increase accordingly, i.e. by 30% and 50%, respectively. Concerning the car price, Slovenian and Polish consumers’ preferences are similar, and 40% of them (and up to 85% of Spaniards) would consider buying one if the price drops by 25%. Women in all three studied countries are more interested in zero-emission vehicles than men are. Different policies should be used in Poland, where people are not as interested in zero-emission vehicles as Spanish and Slovenian consumers are. Customer segmentation in all three groups pointed out that Poland has the highest share (19%) of "No-green" consumers, whereas Spain has the highest share (60%) of "Go-green" consumers, i.e. consumers who would consider buying a zero-emission vehicle in the foreseeable future. Graphic abstract
Keywords Zero-emission vehicles · Sustainable transportation technologies · Consumer segmentation · Sustainable consumption · Policy measures Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Introduction Consumers are mostly very reluctant to let go of their standard of living related to their primary means of transportation and their strong feelings of independence associated with personal car use (Anderson and Stradling 2004). It is, therefore, essential to promote zero-emission driving since transportation is a significant source of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) and other pollutants such as CO, NOx, PM, SOx, and heavy metals (Fan et al. 2018; Baleta et al. 2019). It contributes 14% of all global GHG emissions (Lee et al. 2018), mostly as a consequence of road transportation (Fan et al. 2018). Alternative sustainable technologies, as such, are one possible solution, and transforming consumer habits and lifestyles are another (Kramberger et al. 2014; Cramton et al. 2018; McCollum et al. 2017; Sopjani et al. 2018). In this respect, unveiling t
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