Feelings of belonging or alienation and social emotional perceptions of immigrant youths in the digital age, in comparis

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Feelings of belonging or alienation and social emotional perceptions of immigrant youths in the digital age, in comparison with native-born youths Gila Cohen Zilka 1 Received: 29 June 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to characterize the feelings of belonging or alienation and social emotional perceptions of immigrant youths in an age when there are well-developed digital environments granting availability without barriers of time and place. This research is a mixed-method study with emphasis on quantitative research. A total of 559 Israeli adolescents aged 12 to 18 participated in the study, of whom 222 (40%) were immigrants residing for up to four years in the country. To characterize the absorption process experienced by the immigrant youths, we used the life cycle assessment (LCA) mechanism. We identified a 2-class model. The first group, 36% of the immigrant youths who participated in the study, was characterized by a positive feeling regarding their experience of the absorption process. Time in the country of absorption (under two years and from two years to four years) did not change their approach to the process they experienced. Immigrant adolescents feel that thanks to the mobile technologies, the translations, databases, numerous applications, and groups on the social networks, they are able to face the challenges and difficulties they encounter in the process of absorption in the new country. We found that the positive process of identity building by immigrant youths in the digital age is a combination of interactions with those who remain in the country of origin and significant interactions in the new society, especially in schools, fostering a sense of belonging, sharing, acceptance, a sense of being needed, and attention, which are likely to create a sense of resilience in immigrant youths. Keywords Immigrant . Information and communication technology (ICT) . Equal

opportunity . Belonging . Teenagers . Alienation

* Gila Cohen Zilka [email protected]; http://www.drgilazilka–the–elements–way.com/#!home/c1o1a

1

Bar-Ilan University, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel

Education and Information Technologies

1 Introduction Immigration is a process of transition from one culture to another. The absorption process in the new country usually involves extensive changes on many levels, and usually disrupts the socialization process in the country of origin. The aim of the present study was to characterize the feelings of belonging or alienation and social emotional perceptions of immigrant youths in an age when well-developed digital environments grant availability without barriers of time and place.

2 Immigrant adolescents Migration is defined as relocation from one country to another. Many migrants encounter difficulties in various areas, such as language, interpersonal communication, housing, choice of residential area, economic problems, and problems in adapting to the new soci