Human Virology in Latin America From Biology to Control

This book is a compilation of some of the most remarkable contributions made by scientists currently working in Latin America to the understanding of virus biology, the pathogenesis of virus-related diseases, virus epidemiology, vaccine trials and&nb

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rology in Latin America From Biology to Control

Human Virology in Latin America

Juan Ernesto Ludert  •  Flor H. Pujol Juan Arbiza Editors

Human Virology in Latin America From Biology to Control

Editors Juan Ernesto Ludert Instituto Politécnico Nacional Center for Research and Advances Studies Mexico City, Mexico Juan Arbiza Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la Republica Montevideo, Uruguay

Flor H. Pujol Centro de Microbiologia y Biologia Celular Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC) Caracas, Venezuela

ISBN 978-3-319-54566-0    ISBN 978-3-319-54567-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-54567-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017937370 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Foreword

The publication of this book, which includes the main aspects of human, animal and environmental virology in the Latin American and Caribbean region (LAC) in 2016, coincides with important achievements and challenges in public health in the region. According to the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, in September 27, 2016, “The Region of the Americas is the first to have eliminated measles in the world, a viral disease that can cause severe health problems, including pneumonia, brain swelling and even death. This achievement culminates a 22-year effort involving mass vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella throughout the Americas. Measles is the fifth vaccine-preventable disease to be eliminated from the Americas, after the regional eradication of smallpox in 1971, poliomyelitis in 1994, and rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in 2015”. Another impo