Induction of growth and antioxidant defense mechanisms in Matricaria chamomilla L. callus by vibration
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PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
Induction of growth and antioxidant defense mechanisms in Matricaria chamomilla L. callus by vibration Sadaf Salami 1 & Halimeh Hassanpour 2 & Vahid Niknam 1 Received: 7 May 2019 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 / Editor: Yong Eui Choi # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
Abstract Effect of sinusoidal vibration on the activity of some antioxidative enzymes, pigments, membrane stability, and total phenolic was investigated in callus tissues of Matricaria chamomilla L. Two calli sources were initiated from leaf and root explants, and different frequencies of sinusoidal vibration (0, 5, 10, 15, 50, and 100 Hz) for 3 min were applied to stimulate callus tissues of M. chamomilla. According to the obtained findings in two calli of Matricaria chamomilla, enhancement of growth by vibration was observed at 15 and 50 Hz. Improvement of growth by vibration can be explained by induction in protein, proline total phenol contents, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities, reduction in malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels. Carotenoid significantly augmented at 15 and 50 Hz frequencies. The electrophoresis profile showed different isoform patterns, and the intensity of bands was promoted by vibration. Moreover, a new superoxide dismutase band appeared at 15 and 50 Hz frequencies in leaf calli. These results may provide insight into antioxidant defense mechanisms of callus tissue to vibration. Keywords Callus tissue . Matricaria chamomilla . Antioxidant enzyme . Total phenol . Sinusoidal vibration
Introduction Plants are exposed to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely affect growth and development. Plants have developed various mechanisms for maintenance of their growth and development under stress conditions. Stress signal transmits to cells and stimulates various adaptive responses. Mechanical stress is a kind of abiotic stress which can stimulate signal transduction pathways for control of the defense responses in plant cells (Braam 2004; Lin et al. 2009; Monshausen and Gilroy 2009). Vibration is a mechanical stimulus which can affect plant growth and defense mechanisms. There are various studies of vibration on plants, which can enhance or inhibit plant growth depending on variation frequency (Lichtenthaler
* Halimeh Hassanpour [email protected] * Vahid Niknam [email protected] 1
School of Biology, College of Science, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms in Iran, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
Aerospace Research Institute, Ministry of Science Research and Technology, Tehran 14665-834, Iran
et al. 1998). Mechanical vibration influenced the growth of Actinidia chinensis calli. At 3 Hz frequency, the growth rate was promoted but was inhibited at the higher frequency (5 Hz) (Yang et al. 2002). The growth rate and fiber accumulation in the cell wall of Gerbera jamesonii acrocarpous significantly augmented at 3 Hz frequency of vibration (Bochu et al. 2002). Meng et al. (2012) indicated that sound vibration induce
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