Injury Incidence, Prevalence and Severity in High-Level Male Youth Football: A Systematic Review
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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Injury Incidence, Prevalence and Severity in High‑Level Male Youth Football: A Systematic Review Steven Jones1,3 · Sania Almousa1 · Alistair Gibb3 · Nick Allamby3 · Rich Mullen1 · Thor Einar Andersen2 · Morgan Williams1
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Background At a young age, high-level youth footballers enter structured practice where they engage in regular training and matches. The academy system is considered fundamental to a young footballer’s tactical, technical and physical development. Yet, with regular training and matches, high-level youth footballers may be exposed to the risk of injury. Objective This systematic review analyses and summarises published scientific information on high-level youth football injury characteristics and calculates the risk of them sustaining an injury over the course of a typical season. Methods The search was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Of the 1346 studies found, 23 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results Quality assurance scores for the selected research articles ranged between two and five out of eight. A high degree of heterogeneity between studies was observed. The probability of sustaining a time-loss injury during a high-level youth season ranged between 28 days recovery time. Muscle strain injury accounted for 37% of all injuries reported in youth football. High probabilities (> 90%) of sustaining a time-loss injury over one typical high-level football season were found. Conclusion High-level youth players lose large portions of the seasonal development to injury, with players seemingly suffering long absences from training and matches, consequently affecting health and well-being and possibly burdening club/ parental finances and healthcare systems. Key Points Studies reviewed show a high probability of sustaining a time-loss injury during a typical high-level youth football season. High-level youth players seemingly loose large portions of seasonal development time to injury. * Steven Jones [email protected] 1
School of Health, Sport and Professional Practice, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
2
Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
3
Bolton Wanderers Football Club, Bolton, UK
Pooled estimates for total incidence per 1000 h were 7.9 for youth players aged under 17 to under 21 years, 3.7 for under 9 to under 16 years, and 5.8 for players aged under 9 to under 21 years. Nearly one-fifth (18%) of all reported injuries were classified as severe, requiring > 28 days recovery time, with muscle strain injury accounting for 37% of all injuries sustained in high-level youth football.
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1 Introduction Football clubs worldwide have academy structures for the development of talented young players. The aim of academy football is to prepare these selected children through organised practice a
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