Interaction of Microplastics and Organic Pollutants: Quantification, Environmental Fates, and Ecological Consequences
Microplastics which act as vectors for organic pollutant transport in environment have raised increasing concerns recently. This paper provides an overview on the interaction of plastic debris or microplastics with these organic chemicals and its effects
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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Quantification and Environmental Fate of Plastic Additives in the Plastic Debris or Microplastics 2.1 Chemical Additives Use and Application in the Plastic Productions 2.2 Occurrence of Chemical Additives in the Environmental Plastic Debris or Microplastics 2.3 Migration and Release of Chemical Additives from the Plastic Debris or Microplastics 3 Sorption and Desorption of Organic Pollutants in the Microplastics 3.1 Occurrence of Organic Pollutants in the Environmental Microplastics 3.2 Sorption and Desorption of Hydrophobic Organic Pollutants in Microplastics 3.3 Sorption and Desorption of Hydrophilic Organic Pollutants in Microplastics 4 Microplastics Move Additives and Organic Pollutants from Environment to Organisms 4.1 The Role of Microplastics in the Transfer and Accumulation of Chemicals from Environment to Organisms 4.2 Effects of Leachates from the Microplastics on the Terrestrial Organisms 4.3 Biological Consequences of Microplastic Ingestion and Chemical Transfer to Organisms 5 Summary References
H. Zhang (*), Y. Fei, H. Wang, Y. Chen, S. Huang, B. Yu, J. Wang, Y. Tong, D. Wen, B. Zhou, X. He, and X. Xia Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Y. Luo Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China Defu He and Yongming Luo (eds.), Microplastics in Terrestrial Environments - Emerging Contaminants and Major Challenges, Hdb Env Chem, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_451, © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
H. Zhang et al.
Abstract Microplastics which act as vectors for organic pollutant transport in environment have raised increasing concerns recently. This paper provides an overview on the interaction of plastic debris or microplastics with these organic chemicals and its effects on biological receptors. Plastic additives represented one of the most important organic pollutants associated with microplastics; the types, quantification, and migration from the plastic debris or microplastics are addressed here. In addition to the chemical additives, microplastics also adsorbed hydrophobic or hydrophilic organic pollutants from the environments due to their high surface areas and affinity for these pollutants. The mechanisms of microplastic adsorption for PAHs, PCBs, and pharmaceutics and the role of microplastic surface and solution chemistry were well discussed in the paper. The sorption affinity changed by the aging of microplastic surface was of concern in particular. The organic pollutants in the microplastics may cause toxic effects on biotas by releasing into the leachate or by contact exposure directly through microplastics ingestion. Here we reviewed the latest reports on the organic pollutant assay for the leachates from the environmental microplastics and their toxic effects on freshwater species Daphnia magna, brown mussel (Perna perna), barnacle, and microalgae using differen
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