Lifestyle factors and jet lag prevention: a preliminary cross-sectional analysis of travel wellness among Japanese and U
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Lifestyle factors and jet lag prevention: a preliminary cross‑sectional analysis of travel wellness among Japanese and U.S. business class travelers Hana Hayashi1,2,3 · Akihiro Shimoda1,2 · Yue Li1 · David D. Sussman4,5 · Hiromu Nishiuchi6,7 · Kasisomayajula Viswanath8,9 · Yasumasa Yamamoto10 · Naoki Kondo2 · Junji Yokokawa1 · Hiroyuki Baba1 · Ichiro Kawachi8 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 © Japanese Society of Sleep Research 2020
Abstract We intend to examine whether behavioral and mental health-related determinants including stress level, daytime sleepiness, sleep disorders, smoking, drinking, physical activity, and vegetable intake were associated with severity of jet lag and symptoms of jet lag. We delivered a survey to All Nippon Airways HOLDINGS (ANA) customers in Japan and U.S. asking for their lifestyle information, subjective jet lag perceptions, and symptoms of jet lag, and obtained a sample of 1759 Japanese and 483 U.S. participants. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a positive association between severity of jet lag perception and sleep disorders (Model 2: [b = 0.43, 95% CI 0.25; 0.61]), but a negative association between severe jet lag perception and both smoking (Model 2: [b = − 0.15, 95% CI − 0.30; − 0.00]) and physical activity (Model 2: [b = − 0.15, 95% CI − 0.28; − 0.02]). Regarding jet lag symptoms, it revealed a positive association between higher jet lag symptoms and perceived stress (Model 2: [b = 0.32, 95% CI 0.16; 0.47]), sleep disorder (Model 2: [b = 0.32, 95% CI 0.19; 0.44]), and vegetable consumption (Model 2: [b = 0.09, 95% CI 0.00; 0.17]). The results varied for other lifestyle factors, including smoking, physical activity, vegetable intake, and alcohol consumption. Given the health risks among business travelers, this preliminary analysis showed the possible importance of developing evidence-based jet lag prevention strategies. Keywords Jet lag · Lifestyle · Behavioral change · Stress · Sleep
Introduction Hana Hayashi and Akihiro Shimoda contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-020-00297-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hana Hayashi [email protected] 1
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Department of Public Health, McCann Healthcare Worldwide Japan Inc., 1‑1‑1 Minami Aoyama, Minato‑ku, Tokyo 107‑0062, Japan Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan Department of International Studies, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
Business travelers face more health risks than leisure travelers as they are exposed to frequent long distance travel [1]. In 2018, traveling for business and professional purposes accounted for 13% of all international travel worldwide [2], 5
Global Development and Environment Institute, Tufts University, Medford, M
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