Lipids of Brain Mitochondria
Mitochondrial inner membrane is a dynamic structure that changes shape rapidly in response to variations of osmotic or metabolic conditions. The intrinsic curvature of its constituent monolayers contributes to flexibility, allowing the conversion from fla
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Lipids of Brain Mitochondria
L. Corazzi . R. Roberti
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Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Purified Brain Mitochondria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Lipid Composition of Brain Mitochondria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Cytochrome c–Cardiolipin Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Biosynthetic Origin of Mitochondrial Lipids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Import of Fatty Acids into Mitochondria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Cholesterol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
3 3.1 3.2 3.3
Physiopathology of Mitochondrial Lipids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Aging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Ischemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Altered Lipids in Neurodegeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
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Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
G. Tettamanti & G. Goracci (eds.), Neural Lipids, DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-30378-9_8, # Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2009
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Lipids of brain mitochondria
Abstract: Mitochondrial inner membrane is a dynamic structure that changes shape rapidly in response to variations of osmotic or metabolic conditions. The intrinsic curvature of its constituent monolayers contributes to flexibility, allowing the conversion from flat structures to inverted hexagonal phases. The anchorage of cytochrome c to the inner mitochondrial membrane is mainly due to the interaction with the peculiar mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin. Any cellular event perturbing the stationary state of the lipid may influence the stability of the anchored protein, thus initiating its release outside mitochondria and caspase activation. We describe biochemical and functional characterization of brain mitochondria, focusing mainly on lipid classes
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