Machine Vision Automated Visual Inspection: Theory, Practice and App

The book offers a thorough introduction to machine vision. It is organized in two parts. The first part covers the image acquisition, which is the crucial component of most automated visual inspection systems. All important methods are described in great

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Jürgen Beyerer • Fernando Puente León Christian Frese

Machine Vision Automated Visual Inspection: Theory, Practice and Applications

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Jürgen Beyerer Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany

Christian Frese Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung Karlsruhe, Germany

Fernando Puente León Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany Translator: Johannes Meyer

ISBN 978-3-662-47793-9 ISBN 978-3-662-47794-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-47794-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015947141 Springer © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is a brand of Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden Springer Berlin Heidelberg is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Dedicated to Professor Dr.-Ing. Franz Mesch

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Preface Machine vision and automated visual inspection are domains of automation technology with a steadily increasing economical relevance. Although the related industry is notably expanding since the past two decades, only a part of today’s visual inspection tasks have been automated. This is why there is a great potential for economization in high income countries which may lead to both reduced costs and increased quality of the produced goods. As visual perception is the main human sensation, the automation of visual inspection is somehow fascinating—at least for the authors of this book. When talking about the automation of visual inspection one might easily think that it cannot be that hard to teach a technical visual inspection system to perceive what a human can easily see with only a glimpse. Actually, users often state: ‘As humans can see that instantly, it can’t be that hard to achieve the same using a machine’. The answer is not easy at all but it depends on the individual case: for humans, some things represent easy tasks which however are dif