Microbial lipases and their industrial applications: a comprehensive review
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(2020) 19:169 Chandra et al. Microb Cell Fact https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-020-01428-8
Open Access
REVIEW
Microbial lipases and their industrial applications: a comprehensive review Prem Chandra1* , Enespa2, Ranjan Singh3 and Pankaj Kumar Arora4
Abstract Lipases are very versatile enzymes, and produced the attention of the several industrial processes. Lipase can be achieved from several sources, animal, vegetable, and microbiological. The uses of microbial lipase market is estimated to be USD 425.0 Million in 2018 and it is projected to reach USD 590.2 Million by 2023, growing at a CAGR of 6.8% from 2018. Microbial lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) catalyze the hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides. The microbial origins of lipase enzymes are logically dynamic and proficient also have an extensive range of industrial uses with the manufacturing of altered molecules. The unique lipase (triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase) enzymes catalyzed the hydrolysis, esterification and alcoholysis reactions. Immobilization has made the use of microbial lipases accomplish its best performance and hence suitable for several reactions and need to enhance aroma to the immobilization processes. Immobilized enzymes depend on the immobilization technique and the carrier type. The choice of the carrier concerns usually the biocompatibility, chemical and thermal stability, and insolubility under reaction conditions, capability of easy rejuvenation and reusability, as well as cost proficiency. Bacillus spp., Achromobacter spp., Alcaligenes spp., Arthrobacter spp., Pseudomonos spp., of bacteria and Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp., of fungi are screened large scale for lipase production. Lipases as multipurpose biological catalyst has given a favorable vision in meeting the needs for several industries such as biodiesel, foods and drinks, leather, textile, detergents, pharmaceuticals and medicals. This review represents a discussion on microbial sources of lipases, immobilization methods increased productivity at market profitability and reduce logistical liability on the environment and user. Keywords: Microbial lipase, Fatty acids, Triglycerides, Protein engineering, Biosensor, Food industry, Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) Introduction The serine hydrolases are present in abundantly and known as lipase enzyme which belong to triacylglycerol ester hydrolase family (EC 3.1.1.3). They can catalyze the hydrolysis (and synthesis) of long-chain triglycerides to fatty acids, diacylglycerol, monoacylglycerol and glycerol known as carboxylesterases [1, 2]. Besides hydrolysis activity they display interesterification, esterification, aminolysis and alcoholysis activity which are contributed *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Food Microbiology & Toxicology, Department of Microbiology, School for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025, India Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
in wide range industrie
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