Molecular dissection of two homoeologous wheat genes encoding RING H2-type E3 ligases: TaSIRFP-3A and TaSIRFP-3B
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Molecular dissection of two homoeologous wheat genes encoding RING H2‑type E3 ligases: TaSIRFP‑3A and TaSIRFP‑3B Yong Chan Park1 · Cheol Seong Jang1 Received: 13 April 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Main conclusion Two homoeologous wheat genes, TaSIRFP-3A and TaSIRFP-3B, encode the RING-HC-type E3 ligases that play an inhibitory role in sucrose metabolism in response to cold stress. Abstract In higher plants, the attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) and the subsequent recognition and degradation by the 26S proteasome affects a variety of cellular functions that are essential for survival. Here, we characterized the two homoeologous wheat genes encoding the really interesting new gene (RING) HC-type E3 ligases: TaSIRFP-3A and TaSIRFP-3B (Triticum aestivum SINA domain including RING finger protein 1 and 2), which regulate target proteins via the Ub/26S proteasome system. The TaSIRFP-3A gene was highly expressed under cold stress. In contrast, its homoeologous gene, TaSIRFP-3B, showed only a slight increase in expression levels in shoots. Despite these differences, both the proteins exhibited E3 ligase activity with the cytosol- and nucleus-targeted localization, demonstrating their conserved molecular function. Heterogeneous overexpression of TaSIRFP-3A or TaSIRFP-3B in Arabidopsis showed delayed plant growth causing a reduction in sucrose synthase enzymatic activity and photosynthetic sucrose synthesis, by regulating sucrose synthase proteins. TaSIRFP-3A- or TaSIRFP-3B-overexpressing plants showed higher hypersensitivity under cold stress than WT plants with an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results suggest that the negative regulation of TaSIRFP-3A and TaSIRFP-3B in response to cold stress is involved in sucrose metabolism. Keyword Cold stress · RING E3 ligase · Sucrose signaling pathway · Sucrose synthase · Ubiquitin 26S proteasome · Wheat Abbreviations MBP Maltose binding protein SPP Sucrose phosphate phosphatase SPS Sucrose phosphate synthase SuSy Sucrose synthase TaSIRFP Triticum aestivum SINA domain including RING finger protein TaSUS Triticum aestivum Sucrose synthase Ub Ubiquitin Communicated by Dorothea Bartels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-020-03431-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Cheol Seong Jang [email protected] 1
Plant Genomics Lab, Department of Bio‑Resources Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
Introduction Wheat is a major staple food crop, consumed by 30% of the world’s population and is annually grown on more than 220 million hectares of cropland worldwide (Eversole et al. 2014). When exposed to low temperatures, the stress causes a 30–50% decrease in yield due to the entire wheat spike or spikelet parts failing to set after tassel formation (Zhang et al. 2011a, b). Low temperature induces abnormal ovule and pollen devel
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