Morphological and molecular characterization of Cystoisospora yuensis n. sp. and Cystoisospora rastegaievae (Protozoa: E
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GENETICS, EVOLUTION, AND PHYLOGENY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Morphological and molecular characterization of Cystoisospora yuensis n. sp. and Cystoisospora rastegaievae (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) in amur hedgehogs, Erinaceus amurensis (Schrenk, 1859) Kaihui Zhang 1,2 & Yin Fu 1,2 & Kelei Han 1,2 & Fuchang Yu 1,2 & Jianying Huang 1,2 & Longxian Zhang 1,2 Received: 24 August 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Twenty-four fecal samples were collected from captive amur hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis) in Zhengzhou, China. Based on morphological and molecular analysis, the overall prevalence of Cystoisospora was 62.5% (15/24). These samples contained two types of coccidian oocysts, including C. rastegaievae (50.0%, 12/24) and a new species named C. yuensis n. sp. (12.5%, 3/24). Sporulated oocysts (n = 30) of C. yuensis n. sp. are ovoid, (20.6 ± 1.4) μm × (20.9 ± 0.9) μm, with a shape index (length/width) of 1.0 and a smooth and bi-layered oocyst wall, 1.3 μm thick (outer layer 0.8 μm, inner 0.5 μm). A polar granule is present, but micropyle cap, micropyle, and oocyst residuum are absent. The sporocysts are ovoid-shaped, (9.3 ± 0.6) μm × (8.5 ± 1.1) μm, with a shape index (length/width) of 1.1. Stieda, substieda bodies, and refractile bodies are absent. Residuum is scattered and distributed around the entire sporocysts. At the 18S rRNA locus, C. yuensis n. sp. exhibited the highest identity to C. timoni (99.3%) from a slender-tailed meerkat. It has 98.0% identity at the 28S rRNA locus and 99.3% at the ITS locus. Based on morphological and molecular data, this isolate is a new species of Cystoisospora. Additionally, we have provided data on the prevalence of C. rastegaievae in China and sequences of the 18S rRNS, 28S rRNA, and ITS loci. Keywords Cystoisospora . Amur hedgehog . Morphological . 18S rRNA . 28S rRNA . ITS rRNA
Section Editor: Berit Bangoura * Longxian Zhang [email protected]; [email protected] Kaihui Zhang [email protected] Yin Fu [email protected] Kelei Han [email protected] Fuchang Yu [email protected] Jianying Huang [email protected] 1
College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengzhou New District, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, People’s Republic of China
2
International Joint Research Center for Animal Immunology of China, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, People’s Republic of China
Introduction Hedgehogs are among the most offbeat and known groups of mammals widely distributed worldwide (Hoefer 1994). Amur hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis) (Fig. 1) originated from the Korean Peninsula. They belong to the genus Erinaceus, family Erinaceidae, and order Erinaceomorpha (Paink 1967). They are widely distributed in China, Russia, and the Korean Peninsula (Nowak 1983). The hedgehog is a small, nighttime, and prickly coated animal that lives in forests, grasslands, and bushes (Helena 1998; Riley and Chomel 2005). Hedgehogs sleep in daylight hours and look for food during the night (Hoefer
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