Nitric oxide induced Cd tolerance and phytoremediation potential of B. juncea by the modulation of antioxidant defense s
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Nitric oxide induced Cd tolerance and phytoremediation potential of B. juncea by the modulation of antioxidant defense system and ROS detoxification Khushboo Khator . Ina Saxena . Gyan S. Shekhawat
Received: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The present study designed to illustrate correlation between cadmium induced stress and plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, morphological and physiological attributes. To study these parameters 2 weeks old seedling of B. juncea were subjected to 50 lM Cd, 100 lM Cd and 100 lM SNP separately and in combination with SNP. After 96 h, the treated plant were harvested to analyze the cellular homeostasis and metal tolerance mechanism via examining growth, stress parameters, enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants and expression level of NR. Higher level of Cd (100 lM) significantly increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malonaldehyde content in comparison to 50 lM Cd. Exogenous supplementation of SNP (100 lM) to 50 lM Cd treated plant had an additive effect on plant growth by improving the level of proline, photosynthetic pigments and activities of enzymatic antioxidants which was confirmed by histochemical staining for NADPHd and NO fluorescence from DAF-DA staining in roots of B. juncea. Applying SNP to 50 lM Cd exposed B. juncea roots enhanced NR activity by 1.36 folds and increased NO production by 1.12 folds than individual
K. Khator G. S. Shekhawat (&) Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India e-mail: [email protected] I. Saxena Nanyang Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Cd treated roots. In addition, semi quantitative RTPCR study revealed the induction of BjNR was more pronounced in 50 lM Cd treated roots in comparison to 100 lM Cd treated roots. The present finding revealed NO confers increased B. juncea tolerance to Cd stress by stimulation of antioxidants and reestablishment of cellular redox status. Different biochemical analysis showed that plant growth, photosynthetic pigment and antioxidants were positively correlated with NO and it’s negatively correlated with oxidative stress biomarkers. Therefore, NO is gaseous signalling molecule with potential role in Cd detoxification mechanism in B. juncea. Keywords Nitric oxide Cd stress Antioxidant defense system Nitrate reductase Hyperaccumulation Brassica juncea Abbreviations APX BCF BSA CAT Cd Chl cPTIO
Cu DAF-DA
Ascorbate peroxidase Bioconcentration factor Bovine serum albumin Catalase Cadmium Chlorophyll 2-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5 tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3oxide Copper Diaminofluorsocein diacetate
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Biometals
DMSO EDTA FW GPX H2O2 HgCl2 KNO3 LWC MDA MgCl2 NADH NADPH-d NO NR O 2ROS SNP TBA TCA TF TI
Dimethyl sulphoxide Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid Fresh weight Guaiacol peroxidase Hydrogen peroxide Mercuric chloride Potassium nitrate Leaf water content Malondialdehyde Magnesium chloride Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydri
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