Occurrence of organic micropollutants in an urbanized sub-basin and ecological risk assessment
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Occurrence of organic micropollutants in an urbanized sub-basin and ecological risk assessment Juliana Azevedo Sabino1 André Luís de Sá Salomão Rodrigo Coutinho1 Marcia Marques1 ●
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Priscila Maria de Oliveira Muniz Cunha1
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Accepted: 26 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The João Mendes River - an important contributor to the Piratininga/Itaipu lagoon system in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil receives untreated sewage from the population occupying the drainage basin with no proper sanitation infrastructure. The present study assessed the ecological risk resulting from the presence of five organic micropollutants (17α-ethynylestradiol, ibuprofen, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, bisphenol A) based on four monitoring campaigns which included three sampling points and one reference area. Chronic ecotoxicity assays were conducted with the bioindicators R. subcapitata, C. dubia and O. niloticus. Estrogenicity was assessed with genetically modified S. cerevisiae based on YES protocol. The Ecological Risk Assessment was conducted based on the Chemical and the Ecotoxicological Lines of Evidence (LoE). In order to analyse the results from different sampling points, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using a correlation matrix. Micropollutants below limit of detection or in very low concentrations were detected in the reference area; no significant differences were observed when samples from the reference area were compared to the negative controls for the ecotoxicity assays. A PCA including selected variables revealed the latent relationships among the three sampling points (not verified for the reference area), which confirmed the analytical results. An extreme ecological risk index was estimated for all sampling points in all campaigns. The extreme ecological risk index was mostly associated to the high concentrations of 17α-ethynylestradiol and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole. Keywords Urbanized basin Micropollutants Ecological Risk Assessment Aquatic toxicology Endocrine disruptors ●
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Introduction Wastewater from untreated or insufficiently treated sewage is an important source of emerging contaminants (i.e., such as antibiotics, synthetic hormones, drugs of abuse) once discharged into the aquatic environment (Cunha et al. 2019). Worldwide, several of these emerging micropollutants have been proved to act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) or endocrine modulators that disrupt the
Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10646-020-02304-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * André Luís de Sá Salomão [email protected] 1
Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University – UERJ, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 5024E, Maracanã, CEP: 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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endocrine system of different organisms, with the ability of working as agonists or antagonists to endogenous horm
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