OsCRS2 encoding a peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase protein is essential for chloroplast development in rice
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ORIGINAL PAPER
OsCRS2 encoding a peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase protein is essential for chloroplast development in rice Qiang Zhang1 · Yaliang Wang1 · Lan Shen1 · Deyong Ren1 · Jiang Hu1 · Li Zhu1 · Guangheng Zhang1 · Longbiao Guo1 · Dali Zeng1 · Qian Qian1 Received: 16 June 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Chloroplasts are identified as important organelles for photosynthesis, biosynthesis, and storage of metabolites. So far, the molecular regulatory mechanism of chloroplast development remains to be unclear. The chloroplast RNA splicing 2 (CRS2) protein was determined to play a key role in chloroplast development as they affect the splicing of chloroplast gene introns in maize. However, the functions of OsCRS2 in rice chloroplast development have rarely been studied. In this study, oscrs2-1 and oscrs2-2 mutants were obtained to gene function research using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Both of the mutants displayed an albino seedling phenotype. The OsCRS2 is located in the chloroplast, and is highly expressed in green tissues. OsCRS2 could affect group I and seven group II introns splicing and participate in chloroplast rRNA biogenesis. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that both nuclear-encoded photosynthesis and chloroplast development-related genes expression were significantly reduced in the oscrs2-1 mutant. To conclude, these results suggested that OsCRS2 is necessary for early chloroplast development in rice. Keywords OsCRS2 · Chloroplast development · Intron splicing · Rice
Introduction Photosynthesis, mainly through chloroplasts, often takes place in plant green tissues, especially in the leaves (Bose et al. 2015; Kirchhoff 2019). Although chloroplasts are considered semi-autonomous organelles, their development is a complex process regulated by nuclear genes (Daras et al. 2019; Barkan and Goldschmidt-Clermont 2000). These proteins encoded by nuclear genes could affect chloroplast RNA editing, RNA splicing, and RNA stabilization process in the regulation chloroplast development (Robles and Quesada 2019; Barkan and Goldschmidt-Clermont 2000). Qiang Zhang, Yaliang Wang and Lan Shen contributed equally to this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-020-00655-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Qian Qian [email protected] 1
State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
Chloroplast RNA splicing is a common way to regulate chloroplast development in plants. Chloroplast gene introns can either be classified group I or group II introns. Group II introns are subsequently divided into subgroup IIA and subgroup IIB (Ostheimer et al. 2003). Within Arabidopsis, rice and maize contain one group I intron in the chloroplast genome. Twenty, seventeen, and seventeen group II introns are identified in the Arabidopsis, rice, and maize chloroplast genome, respectively (Liu et al. 2016). The group I and group II
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