Polypropylene nanocomposites with high-loading conductive carbon nano-reinforcements for multifunctional applications
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Polypropylene nanocomposites with high‑loading conductive carbon nano‑reinforcements for multifunctional applications Abhishek K. Pathak1 · Yu Zhou1 · Lea Lecointre1 · Tomohiro Yokozeki1 Received: 26 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 October 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract Lightweight automotive parts fabrication is an essential criterion for the improvement of the efficiency of vehicles. In this work, different weight (wt) content of commercially developed carbon nanofiber (CNF) and granulated graphitized graphene (GRP) were melt extruded with polypropylene (PP) with the aim of improvement in mechanical and electrical properties. The CNF–PP and GRP–PP nanocomposites were developed by injection molding technique, and mechanical as well as electrical properties at different reinforcement content were studied. A three-point bending test showed that flexural strength and modulus increases with increment in nanofiller content, and maximum mechanical properties were obtained by 45 wt% CNF–PP and 60 wt% GRP–PP nanocomposites. Electrical conductivity of 1.4 and 0.4 S/cm were achieved by incorporating 60 wt% CNF and 60 wt% GRP in PP nanocomposites. Thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and maximum thermal stability was achieved by 45% CNF–PP nanocomposites. Morphological study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed considerable aligned CNF selectively located in the PP matrix and exhibited oriented dispersion while filler agglomeration phenomena observed for GRP at high loading, which made nanocomposites have significant enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties using CNF reinforcement. Keywords Carbon nanofiber · Granulated graphitized graphene · Nanocomposite · Mechanical properties
Introduction Recently, polymer nanocomposites have emerged as a potential material in various applications such as energy storage, electrical devices, sensors, electromagnetic interference shielding and lightweight automotive parts (Kuilla et al. 2010; Kurahatti et al. 2010; Njuguna et al. 2012; Pathak et al. 2019; Sharma et al. 2018a). To improve the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposite, nanofillers like exfoliated nano-silicates (Malaki et al. 2016; Marouf et al. 2016), multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) (Sharma et al. 2017, 2018a, b), nanoclay (Rafiee and Shahzadi 2018; Zare et al. 2017), graphene (Liu et al. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01594-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Abhishek K. Pathak [email protected]‑tokyo.ac.jp 1
Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo‑Ku, Tokyo, Japan
2018; Pathak et al. 2016, 2019; Xu et al. 2016) and graphite nanoplate (GnP) (Cunha et al. 2017; Liebscher et al. 2020) have been widely compounded with polymer. However, the performance expected by these nanofillers is dependent upon its dispersion and effective in
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