Potential attenuation of biochemical parameters and enzymatic functions in Cyprinus carpio fingerlings by Phenthoate 50
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Potential attenuation of biochemical parameters and enzymatic functions in Cyprinus carpio fingerlings by Phenthoate 50 EC insecticide exposure Sadia Tabassum 1 & Sharmin Ferdewsi Rakhi 1,2 & A. H. M. Mohsinul Reza 1,3 & Md. Fazlul Awal Mollah 1 & Zakir Hossain 1 Received: 5 January 2020 / Accepted: 11 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The risks of the health-associated problems of pesticide-exposed non-target organisms are ubiquitous, therefore an emerging concern to strike the balance between benefit and risk factors. In the present study, by elucidating multiple biomarkers, the effects of Phenthoate 50 EC on the acute toxicity tests and different pathophysiological changes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings were studied in time- and concentration-dependent manners. The LC50 of Phenthoate 50 EC for the fish was 7.39 (6.716–8.076) ppm at 96 h. As an indicator of neurotoxicity, compared to the control group, significant (P < 0.01) reduction in brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was observed, whereas plasma glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase (PGOT) and plasma glutamate pyruvate transaminase (PGPT) activities were increased significantly (P < 0.01) at the doses of 2.22 and 3.69 ppm of Phenthoate 50 EC, respectively. Histopathological changes in the insecticide-treated fish liver suggested the hepatic tissue damages, while alteration of the blood, gills and kidney morphology; progressive decrease (P < 0.05) in the serum calcium levels; and significantly (P < 0.01) decreased blood glucose level at 2.22 and 3.69 or 5.17 ppm of Phenthoate 50 EC demonstrated the oxidative stress and requirement of the up-surging energy demands due to the exposure of this organophosphate chemical. These results advice the modulation caused by this widely used agrochemical on the physiology of aquatic fauna by changing the enzymatic and biochemical indices at cellular level. Keywords Acetylcholinesterase activity . Calcium . Glucose . Glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase activity . Glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity . Phenthoate 50 EC
Introduction The massive increase of human population is making dramatic changes in the entire world, which eventually will have its toll
on the environment. Recent evidences of large-scale wildlife mortality (Sun et al. 2019; Torres et al. 2016), increasing rate of carcinogenicity, epigenetic disorders, and reproductive and neurological disorders in humans and higher mammals are the
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09697-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zakir Hossain [email protected] Sadia Tabassum [email protected]
Md. Fazlul Awal Mollah [email protected] 1
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
Sharmin Ferdewsi Rakhi [email protected]
2
Present address: Upazilla
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