Probiotic and nutritional effects of Debaryomyces hansenii on animals
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MINI-REVIEW
Probiotic and nutritional effects of Debaryomyces hansenii on animals Miriam Angulo 1 & Martha Reyes-Becerril 1 & Noe Medina-Córdova 1,2 & Dariel Tovar-Ramírez 1 & Carlos Angulo 1 Received: 21 February 2020 / Revised: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Debaryomyces hansenii comes of age as a new potential probiotic for terrestrial and aquatic animals. Probiotic properties, including inmunostimulatory effects, gut microbiota modulation, enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation, and digestive function improvements have been related to the oral delivery of D. hansenii. Its functional compounds, such as cell wall components and polyamines, have been identified and implicated in its immunomodulatory activity. In addition, in vitro studies using immune cells have shown standpoints on the possible recognition, regulation, and effector immune mechanisms stimulated by this yeast. This review describes historic, cutting-edge research findings, implications, and perspectives on the use of D. hansenii as a promising probiotic for animals. Key points • Debaryomyces hansenii has probiotic effects in terrestrial and aquatic animals. • Nutritional effects could be associated to probiotic D. hansenii strains. • β-D-Glucan and polyamines from D. hansenii are associated to probiotic properties. • Adoption by the industry is expected in the next years. Keywords Immunostimulant . Infection . Gut development . Growth performance . Survival
Introduction Animal production uses hundreds of tons of antibiotics annually to prevent and treat microbial infections, which are an increasing problem with serious concerns. The potential of pathogen resistomes leads to the emergence of new antimicrobial-resistant organisms in animal and human populations (Cabello et al. 2016). Therefore, alternative measures to reduce the use of antibiotics are compulsory. Yeast has entered into this arena as an alternative option, and several live yeasts (probiotics) are commercially available
* Carlos Angulo [email protected] 1
Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, SC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. C.P. 23096, Mexico
2
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Todos Santos, Agricultura s/n entre México y Durango, Emiliano Zapata, La Paz, B.C.S. C.P: 23070, Mexico
for animal production systems. Overall, the effects of yeastbased probiotics depend on the yeast species and strains, isolation source, and dosage, among others (Hai 2015). However, the improvement of the immune response is one of the most important mechanisms supporting probiosis. On this regard, yeast structural and secretory bioactive compounds have immunostimulatory properties, such as β-glucan, mannoproteins, chitin, and nucleic acids (Ortuno et al. 2002). In addition, yeast secretory metabolites have been proposed as major contributing factors of gut microvill
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