Radiation Dose Assessment for Representative Biota Organisms in the Locale of NPP with VVER-1200
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RADIATION DOSE ASSESSMENT FOR REPRESENTATIVE BIOTA ORGANISMS IN THE LOCALE OF NPP WITH VVER-1200 V. E. Nushtaeva,1 S. I. Spiridonov,1 R. A. Mikailova,1 E. I. Karpenko,1 S. N. Nushtaev,1 and A. S. Nygymanova2
UDC 621.311.25; 574
A prognosis is made of the radiation impact of planned atmospheric emissions and liquid discharges from NPP with VVER-1200 on native ecosystems. The ERICA assessment tool was used to assess the dose loads for ICRP-recommended representative organisms. The expected irradiation dose from NPP for representatives of the biota is compared with the dose from the existing irradiation, evaluated on the basis of radioecological inspection in the locale of power plants in Kaliningrad region. The dose loads on the biota are expected to be below the threshold levels of irradiation. Planned emissions and discharges from the NPP will not have an appreciable impact on the native ecosystems.
More and more attention is now being given to environmental radiation impact assessments. International safety norms require that environmental protection from ionizing radiation be confirmed and not assumed [1]. The main radiation safety metric is the irradiation dose rate for animals and plants. When planning radiation hazardous objects, it is necessary to – determine the irradiation dose for biota on the basis of a radioecological survey of the territory adjacent to the object; – assess the dose loads that will be formed by atmospheric radioactive emissions and liquid discharges of radionuclides into the aquatic environment as a result of the operation of the object. Assessments make it possible to identify the native organisms most exposed to radiation and the basic dose-forming nuclides in order to optimize the radioecological monitoring of native ecosystems. The purpose of the present work is to predict the impact of atmospheric emissions and liquid discharges from two operating NPP units with VVER-1200 on native ecosystems. A separate problem is to examine the assessment of the dose load on biota from existing irradiation by natural and technogenic radionuclides. The locale of the NPP lies in the Kaliningrad region, bordering on Poland, Lithuania, and Belarus, within the catchment basin of the Baltic Sea. The design of the NPP anticipates the construction of two VVER-1200 type units with 50-year service life. Materials and procedure. It is not feasible to assess the radiation impact on all forms of living organisms because of the great diversity of species in natural ecosystems. In this connection calculations are performed for characteristic representative groups of organisms. Following ICRP recommendations the following groups were chosen in the locale of NPP [2]: terrestrial ecosystems – annelids (rain worms), large (deer) and small (rats) mammals, insects (bees), wild grasses, trees (pine); aquatic ecosystems – water birds (ducks), amphibians (frogs), pelagic and bottom fishes, water plants (tracheophytes). Currently, the impact of radiation on ecosystems in the vicinity of NPP is determined by radioactive
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