Renewable cellulosic nanocomposites for food packaging to avoid fossil fuel plastic pollution: a review
- PDF / 1,819,050 Bytes
- 29 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 17 Downloads / 154 Views
REVIEW
Renewable cellulosic nanocomposites for food packaging to avoid fossil fuel plastic pollution: a review Umair Qasim1 · Ahmed I. Osman2 · Ala’a H. Al‑Muhtaseb3 · Charlie Farrell4,5 · Mohammed Al‑Abri3,6 · Muzaffar Ali1 · Dai‑Viet N. Vo7 · Farrukh Jamil1 · David W. Rooney2 Received: 19 May 2020 / Accepted: 5 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The extensive use of petroleum-based synthetic and non-biodegradable materials for packaging applications has caused severe environmental damage. The rising demand for sustainable packaging materials has encouraged scientists to explore abundant unconventional materials. For instance, cellulose, extracted from lignocellulosic biomass, has gained attention owing to its ecological and biodegradable nature. This article reviews the extraction of cellulose nanoparticles from conventional and non-conventional lignocellulosic biomass, and the preparation of cellulosic nanocomposites for food packaging. Cellulosic nanocomposites exhibit exceptional mechanical, biodegradation, optical and barrier properties, which are attributed to the nanoscale structure and the high specific surface area, of 533 m2 g−1, of cellulose. The mechanical properties of composites improve with the content of cellulose nanoparticles, yet an excessive amount induces agglomeration and, in turn, poor mechanical properties. Addition of cellulose nanoparticles increases tensile properties by about 42%. Barrier properties of the composites are reinforced by cellulose nanoparticles; for instance, the water vapor permeability decreased by 28% in the presence of 5 wt% cellulose nanoparticles. Moreover, 1 wt% addition of filler decreased the oxygen transmission rate by 21%. We also discuss the eco-design process, designing principles and challenges. Keywords Biopolymers · Lignocellulosic biomass · Cellulose nanoparticles · Cellulosic nanocomposites · Food packaging · Sustainable packaging
Umair Qasim and Ahmed I. Osman have contributed equally to this work. * Umair Qasim [email protected]
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad-Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
* Ahmed I. Osman [email protected]; [email protected]
2
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, UK
3
Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, 123 Muscat, Oman
4
South West College, Cookstown, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland BT80 8DN, UK
5
Muzaffar Ali [email protected]
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AH, UK
6
Dai‑Viet N. Vo [email protected]
Nanotechnology Research Centre, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
7
Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam
* Ala’a H. Al‑Mu
Data Loading...
