Role of Aquaporin-7 and Aquaporin-9 in Glycerol Metabolism; Involvement in Obesity
The discovery of aquaporin (AQP) has had a great impact on life sciences. So far, 13 AQPs have been identified in human. AQP3, 7, 9, and 10 are subcategorized as aquaglyceroporins which permeabilize glycerol as well as water. Many investigators have demon
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Contents 1 2 3
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Characteristics of Adipocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AQP7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Functional Analysis of AQP7 . . . . . . 3.2 Regulation of AQP7 in Adipocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Role of AQP7 in other Organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 AQP9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Molecular Cloning and Tissue Distribution of AQP9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Functional Analysis and Regulation of AQP9 in Liver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Coordination of Adipose and Liver Glycerol Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Role of AQP9 in other Organ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Analysis of AQP7-Deficient Mice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 Adipose-Derived Glycerol and Gluconeogenesis through AQP7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Adipocytes Dysfunction in AQP7-Deficient Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Analysis of AQP9-Deficient Mice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Role of AQP7 and AQP9 in Human . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Conclusions and Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract The discovery of aquaporin (AQP) has had a great impact on life sciences. So far, 13 AQPs have been identified in human. AQP3, 7, 9, and 10 are subcategorized as aquaglyceroporins which permeabilize glycerol as well as water. Many investigators have demonstrated that AQPs play a crucial role in maintaining water homeostasis, but the physiological significance of some AQPs as a glycerol channel has not been fully understood. Adipocyte is considered to be a major source of
N. Maeda (¬) Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2–2-B5 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan [email protected] E. Beitz (ed.), Aquaporins, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 190, c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009
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