Screening for novel rice sheath blight resistant germplasm and their biochemical characterization
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Screening for novel rice sheath blight resistant germplasm and their biochemical characterization S. Lalitha Pavani1 · Vineeta Singh1 · Sanjay Kumar Goswami2 · P. K. Singh3 Received: 18 February 2020 / Revised: 26 September 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Indian Phytopathological Society 2020
Abstract Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn causes sheath blight of rice which is a common and destructive disease. The present studies focus on screening of rice genotypes against R. solani to find out promising sheath blight resistant genotypes and the role of the defense-related biochemical enzymes in six different moderately resistance, moderately susceptible and susceptible germplasm lines. A total of 196 rice germplasm lines were used to conduct a field trial to screen sheath blight resistant germplasm during 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 crop seasons. The study identified 33.1% moderately resistant, 55.6% moderately susceptible and 11.2% susceptible genotypes to sheath blight in rice. Moderately resistant cultivar IC281785 recorded higher peroxidase activity (2.990) than moderately susceptible cultivar IC282450 (1.232). Higher PPO enzyme activity was observed in Tetep (1.729) followed by IC281785 (1.423) after 24 h of inoculation. Similarly, PAL activity was highest in moderately resistant cultivars than moderately susceptible and susceptible cultivars. The highest catalase activity was observed in moderately resistant cultivar Tetep (0.963) than susceptible cultivar PB1 (0.513) after 72 h of pathogen inoculation. Keywords AUDPC · Biochemical · Enzymes · Genotypes · Resistance · Rhizoctonia solani · Rice · Screening
Introduction Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a basic food for millions of people and has considerable importance in food and nutritional security. Rice production in the world has a several constraints which may be grouped as the biotic and abiotic stresses. Biotic stress includes losses due to insect pests and pathogens. The pathogen R. solani Kuhn [Teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk], causes sheath blight of rice which is a widely spread disease causing great loss in Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-020-00284-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Vineeta Singh [email protected] 1
Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
2
ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Rai Bareli Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
3
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
quantity and quality of rice in all over the world (Lee and Rush 1983). According to Bhunkal et al. (2015) 4–50% yield loss had been reported depending on the infection time, the severity of the disease and environmental conditions. Since there are no disease resistant varieties available for sheath blight, the disease can
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