Synthesis, characterization and swelling behavior of high-performance antimicrobial amphoteric hydrogels from corn starc
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Synthesis, characterization and swelling behavior of high‑performance antimicrobial amphoteric hydrogels from corn starch Nahed A. Abd El‑Ghany1 · Zain M. Mahmoud1 Received: 5 June 2020 / Revised: 1 September 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Three novel hydrogels with high antimicrobial activity were synthesized from grafting of corn starch with 4-acrylamidobenzoic acid (4ABA) and diallyldimethylammonium chloride as cross-linkers (CLs). Three concentrations of the cross-linker (3%, 5% and 10% based on starch weight) were used to give three hydrogels designated as St-g-P4ABA/PCL3, St-g-P4ABA/PCL5 and St-g-P4ABA PCL10, respectively. The structure of the prepared hydrogels was evidenced by FTIR, 1H-NMR, XRD and SEM techniques. The thermal stability as well as the swelling behavior of the starch hydrogels was investigated, and the results revealed high thermal stability and potential swell ability in water and 9% saline solution for the hydrogels compared with the native starch. They showed a higher swelling degree in acidic, basic and neutral buffer solutions; lower degradation was observed in acidic and basic media after 96 h. Starch hydrogel’s antimicrobial activity actions against various types of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and fungi demonstrated higher growth inhibition ability against all tested microorganisms compared to zeronative starch inhibitions. The hydrogels did not demonstrate cytotoxicity on normal human cells and can therefore be used safely in pharmaceutical applications and drug delivery systems.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s0028 9-020-03417-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Nahed A. Abd El‑Ghany [email protected] 1
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Graphic abstract
Normal photographs for the antimicrobial behavior of free starch (a), St-gP4ABA/PCL3 (b), St-g-P4ABA/PCL10 (c) against E. faecalis and S. aureus as grampositive bacteria; against K. pneumoniae as gram-negative bacteria in comparison with the antibacterial standard drug ciprofloxacin (d) and against A. fumigatus and C albicans as fungi in comparison with the antifungal standard drug Amphotericin B (d)
Microscope examination of VERO cells that incubated 24 h with St-g-P4ABA/PCL3 samples at 62.5μg/ml compared with untreated cells (control cells)
Keywords Corn starch · Hydrogels · Thermal stability · Swell ability · Degradation · Antimicrobial activity · Cytotoxicity
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Polymer Bulletin
Introduction Hydrogels are superabsorbent polymers which are composed of lightly crosslinked networks of flexible polymer chains. They can absorb a large amount of water compared with general water absorbing materials in which the absorbed water is hardly removable even under certain pressure. Hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl (OH) and carboxyl (–CO
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