The effect of graphite type on the synthesis of SiC nanomaterials by microwave-assisted synthesis
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The effect of graphite type on the synthesis of SiC nanomaterials by microwave‑assisted synthesis Suhaimi Mat Kahar1 · Chun Hong Voon1 · Bee Ying Lim2 · Subash C. B. Gopinath1,3 · Yarub Al‑Douri4,5 · Mohd Khairuddin MD Arshad1 · Kai Loong Foo1 · Nor Azizah Parmin1 · Seng Teik Ten6 Received: 16 June 2020 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract SiC nanomaterial (SiCNM) is known for its excellent properties and has great potential for a wide range of applications. In this article, preparation of SiCNMs from different types of graphite was performed by microwave-assisted synthesis. Different types of graphite which are graphite flake (GF) and expanded graphite (EG) were used to react with silica for the synthesis of SiCNMs in laboratory microwave furnace at 1400 °C. It was found that SiC nanowhiskers (SiCNWs) were formed when EG was used, while irregular shaped SiC nanoparticles (SiCNPs) were formed when GF was used. β-SiC appeared as the only phase in the XRD patterns for both SiCNMs formed using GF and EG. SiCNWs and SiCNPs have interplanar spacing of around 0.25 nm which is the axial direction of [111]. The difference of formation mechanism is believed to be the origin of different morphology of SiCNMs synthesized from different types of graphite. Keywords Microwave · Carbide · Synthesis · Graphite · Nanowires · Nanoparticles
1 Introduction Silicon carbide (SiC) is a very attractive semiconductor material that has unusual properties such as high strength, high thermal conductivity, wide bandgap, excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance and biocompatibility [1–3]. Due to their excellent electrical and thermal properties, it has attracted enormous attention as potential material for * Chun Hong Voon [email protected] 1
Institute of Nanoelectronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Seriab, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
2
School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Jejawi, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
3
School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
4
Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Besiktas, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
6
Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
high frequency, high power and high-temperature microelectronic and optoelectronic application [4, 5]. Recently, the synthesis of nanoscale SiC has become an intensive research focus among researchers. Due to their superior mechanical properties and excellent electrical conductance, nanoscale SiC are often used for the reinforcement of various nanocomposite and also act as contacts of nanodevices in harsh environments [4, 6]. Hence, nanostructured SiC materials can be used in the field emission display, nanosensors and nanoscale electro-devices [7, 8]. One dimensional (1D) SiC nanost
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