The effects of fluid composition and shear conditions on bacterial adhesion to an antifouling peptide-coated surface
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Research Letter
The effects of fluid composition and shear conditions on bacterial adhesion to an antifouling peptide-coated surface Patrícia Alves, LEPABE – Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto, Portugal Sivan Nir, and Meital Reches, Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Filipe Mergulhão, LEPABE – Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto, Portugal Address all correspondence to Meital Reches and Filipe Mergulhão at E-mail: [email protected] and fi[email protected] (Received 9 May 2018; accepted 30 July 2018)
Abstract Biofilms can damage implants and are difficult to treat. Here, we assessed the performance of a tripeptide that self-assembles into an antifouling coating over a broad range of shear conditions that are relevant to biomedical applications. Adhesion assays were performed using a parallel plate flow chamber. The results show that the coating can reduce Escherichia coli adhesion up to 70% when compared with glass. At a shear rate of 15/s, typical for urinary catheters, the coating reduced the adhesion by more than 50%. These findings suggest critical features that should be considered when developing surfaces for biomedical purposes.
Introduction In medical devices, biofouling is an undesirable process of bacterial colonization that occurs spontaneously, in temporary (e.g., contact lenses, endotracheal tubes as well as urinary and central venous catheters) and in permanently implanted devices (e.g., cardiac valves, vascular grafts and joint replacements), leading to biomaterial-associated infections.[1] Biofilms grown on biomaterials are responsible for 75% of human bacterial infections[2] and among these, urinary tract infections are very common, affecting around 150 million people each year worldwide.[3] Escherichia coli is the predominant uropathogen responsible for about 80% of all hospital-acquired infections and can adhere to biomedical surfaces and consequently, develop biofilms.[4–6] Delaying the biofilm onset can reduce the need for antimicrobial treatment and also the costs for replacing the infected materials. Antifouling surfaces have been extensively developed by altering the physical and/or chemical surface properties, mimicking natural antifouling surfaces, and enhancing the surface resistance to biologic contamination.[7] Great efforts in surface engineering have been made in order to prevent or mitigate bacterial adhesion and biofilm development using nanoparticles, polymer brushes, antifouling self-assembly monolayers, and hydrogels.[8–15] Maity, Nir, Zada, and Reches[14] reported the self-assembly of a tripeptide into a functional coating that interferes with the first step of biofouling. The peptide design includes the amino acid, 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, a constituent of mussel adhesive proteins,
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