The Effects of Selenium on Physiological Traits, Grain Selenium Content and Yield of Winter Wheat at Different Developme

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The Effects of Selenium on Physiological Traits, Grain Selenium Content and Yield of Winter Wheat at Different Development Stages Jianzhou Chu & Xiaoqin Yao & Zhaowei Yue & Jingmin Li & Junhui Zhao

Received: 27 September 2012 / Accepted: 6 December 2012 / Published online: 19 December 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012

Abstract The paper evaluated the effects of Se application time and rate on physiological traits, grain Se content, and yield of winter wheat by field experiment. Se application significantly increased grain Se content and yield, and the increased amount treated with 20 and 30 mg Se L −1 was the highest. At blooming–filling stage, Se application significantly increased grain Se content, but did not affect yield. Chlorophyll content was increased by Se application, and the increased amount at heading–blooming stage was higher than that in wheat leaves at the other stages. At four development stages, Se treatments (except for 10 mg SeL−1 at jointing–heading stage) significantly decreased the rate of superoxide (O2−) radical production. At heading– blooming (except for 50 mg Se L−1) and blooming– filling stages, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content was significantly decreased by Se treatments. The rate of O2− production and H2O2 content at 20 and 30 mg Se L −1 was the lowest. Se treatments (except for 10 mg SeL−1 at regreening–jointing and blooming–filling stages) also induced an evident decrease in malondialdehyde content. Proline content induced by Se treatments at jointing–heading and heading–blooming stages was higher than that in wheat leaves at regreening–jointing and blooming–filling stages. At four development stages, Se treatments all significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity, and the treatments with 20 and 30 mg SeL−1 also evidently increased reduced glutathione content. These results suggested that Se application at different development stages increased antioxidant capacity of wheat, reduced oxidant stress J. Chu : X. Yao (*) : Z. Yue : J. Li : J. Zhao The College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]

to some extent, and the effects of Se treatments was the best if Se concentration ranged between 20 and 30 mg Se L−1. In addition, Se application time was more beneficial for Se accumulation and yield in wheat grain at heading–blooming stage. Keywords Development stages . Physiological traits . Selenium . Wheat . Yield

Introduction Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for many organisms and has an impact on plant, human, and animal health, although it has not been demonstrated to be required by higher plants [1–3]. Se in human is mainly derived from diets. However, Se deficiency in soils is overall distributed around the world [4], which directly affects Se content in plants and can cause many diseases in human and animal. Clinical medical trials have proved that about 40 kinds of diseases threatening human health are related to Se deficiency in human body, such as cardiovascular, cancer, li