The use of continuous soil diagnostic layers as criteria for differentiation of soil map units
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The use of continuous soil diagnostic layers as criteria for differentiation of soil map units Osat Maryam 1 & Heidari Ahmad 2
&
Salami Arash 2
Received: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 2 October 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract This article presents a method to produce accurate soil maps according to the numerical correlation of experimental data obtained from field description and soil laboratory analyses. At first, the diagnostic horizons and characteristics of all the 56 studied profiles were identified based on the standard definitions of the US soil classification system. In the next step, six thematic maps were prepared by interpolating the thickness of diagnostic horizons and/or the depth of the upper/lower boundaries of the soil layers with diagnostic characteristics. Afterward, the thematic maps were intersected to obtain the final soil map in this approach. The produced map with the present approach was compared with the conventional geopedologic soil map. The results showed that the geopedological approach could delineate 12 soil map units as consociation and 8 units as association while using the diagnostic layers as thematic maps were able to delineate all of the 20 soil map units as consociation. This approach introduced how the soil properties could be applied as a covariate in the SCORPAN model. Using interpolated soil, diagnostic layers could increase the precision and quality of soil maps. Keywords Detailed soil map . Soil properties . Thematic maps . Geopedology
Introduction The development of precision agriculture and the importance of decision-making for agricultural and non-agricultural management set new demands for detailed soil maps with high accuracy (Vincent et al. 2016). The spatial distribution of soil types and their characteristics is a key factor in almost all environmental and agro-economic studies (Häring et al. 2012; Siqueira et al. 2015; Angelini et al. 2016). In a semi-arid climate, Santos-Francés et al. (2019) showed that subsurface and surface horizons have equal importance in
Responsible editor: Stefan Grab * Heidari Ahmad [email protected] Osat Maryam [email protected] 1
Horticulture Crop Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran
2
Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 4111, Karaj, Iran
soil quality evaluation. Until near past years, practical soil maps consisted only of a limited number of discrete units. Due to the continuous nature of soils, this kind of soil maps could be too imprecise in many scales (Odgers et al. 2011). In a complex soil map unit, different soil types with dissimilar properties are usually found. Nevertheless, since soil mapping organizes our knowledge, it’s still practical and useful (Häring et al. 2012). Techniques and methodology of soil mapping significantly affect the quality and accuracy of produced soil maps (Basayigit and Senol 2008). Traditional soil maps are base
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