UAV survey and numerical modeling of loess landslides: an example from Zaoling, southern Shanxi Province, China
- PDF / 3,173,612 Bytes
- 16 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 14 Downloads / 205 Views
UAV survey and numerical modeling of loess landslides: an example from Zaoling, southern Shanxi Province, China Siyuan Ma1 · Jiangbo Wei2,3 · Chong Xu4 · Xiaoyi Shao1 · Shiyang Xu5,6 · Shaofeng Chai5,6 · Yulong Cui7 Received: 7 November 2019 / Accepted: 25 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This work attempted to reveal the geometric and kinematic characteristics of a loess landslide that occurred at Zaoling, southern Shanxi Province, China, on March 15, 2019. Based on the high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle survey and DEM data acquired after this event, the topography of the study area was reconstructed to estimate the volumes of the source area and the deposit area of the landslide. Coupled with the high-resolution threedimensional topographic data, three-dimensional particle flow code was used to simulate the motion process and depositing characteristics of the landslide. Results show that the Zaoling landslide is a deep-seated loess landslide with a projection area of 9844 m2 and the attitude of the sliding surface 355°∠37° (trending and dip). The total volumes of the source zone and accumulation zone are 77,000 and 82,000 m3, respectively. The simulation results show that the whole sliding process lasts about 17 s. The maximum average velocity of the sliding body is 5.12 m/s and the average sliding displacement is 33.3 m. Comparing the depositing thickness obtained from the simulation with the reality shows that the accumulation thickness of the deposit area decreases gradually from the center to both sides. The accumulation characteristics from the simulation are roughly consistent with those of the actual landslide. According to the latest landslide classification system for loess slopes, the Zaoling landslide is a typical rotational slide. It is a typical case for loess landslide studies, in particular, its special failure mechanism and kinematic features. Keywords Loess landslide · Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) · Particle flow codes (PFC) · Numerical modeling · Volume analysis
1 Introduction Loess and loess deposits cover about 640,000 km2, approximately 6.6% of the total area of China, mainly distributed in the northwest (Liu 1985). Because of the unique topographic and geomorphological characteristics and engineering properties such as low mechanical strength, macro-pore, and collapsibility (Derbyshire et al. 2000; Li et al. 2018), loess landslides have * Chong Xu [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Natural Hazards
become the most common and serious geological hazard in loess areas (Derbyshire 2001; Xu et al. 2011). There have been many studies on the distribution and failure mechanism of loess landslides (Wang et al. 2011; Xu et al. 2012; Shi et al. 2016; Qi et al. 2018). For instance, Zhuang et al. (2018) investigated the loess landslides in Shaanxi Province based on field survey and experimental tests, and the results show that most of these landslides are of small-scale shallow events, and 80% of t
Data Loading...
