Wind Turbines in Cold Climates Icing Impacts and Mitigation Syst
This book addresses the key concerns regarding the operation of wind turbines in cold climates, and focuses in particular on the analysis of icing and methods for its mitigation. Topics covered include the implications of cold climates for wind
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Lorenzo Battisti
Wind Turbines in Cold Climates Icing Impacts and Mitigation Systems
Green Energy and Technology
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8059
Lorenzo Battisti
Wind Turbines in Cold Climates Icing Impacts and Mitigation Systems
123
Lorenzo Battisti DICAM University of Trento Trento Italy
ISSN 1865-3529 Green Energy and Technology ISBN 978-3-319-05190-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-05191-8
ISSN 1865-3537 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-319-05191-8
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015930332 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
This book covers most of the engineering aspects concerning wind turbines operating in cold climates, with a specific part devoted to the analysis of icing and methods for its mitigation. The interest in wind turbines icing as well as in predicting its effect on load, control system, power production, etc., has increased significantly in the recent years. The research and development area in ice accretions analysis and anti-icing design is rather multidisciplinary: it encompasses several research fields and competences as meteorology, aerodynamics, heat transfer and ice physics, together with the knowledge of wind turbine operation, economics, manufacturing details and not last, norms and regulations. The hostile environment of cold climates can lead to a potential reduction in the turbine technical availability. Extreme events cause additional loads, damages and sudden failure. The air density alteration (low temperatures, high elevations) changes the energy harvest and has a major impact on the control strategy. Low temperatures affect physical properties of materials and normal operation on electronic devices. Finally, icing determines hig
