Quasi-Adiabatic SRAM Based Silicon Physical Unclonable Function
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Quasi‑Adiabatic SRAM Based Silicon Physical Unclonable Function Yasuhiro Takahashi1 · Hiroki Koyasu1 · S. Dinesh Kumar2 · Himanshu Thapliyal2 Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Silicon Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a general hardware security primitive for security vulnerabilities. Recently, Quasi-adiabatic logic based physical unclonable function (QUALPUF) has ultra low-power dissipation; hence it is suitable to implement in low-power portable electronic devices such radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensor networks (WSN), etc. In this paper, we present a design of 4-bit QUALPUF which is based on static random access memory (SRAM) for low-power portable electronic devices and then shows the post-layout simulation and measurement results. To evaluate the uniqueness and reliability, the 4-bit QUALPUF is implemented in 0.18 μ m standard CMOS process with 1.8 V supply voltage. The 4-bit QUALPUF occupies 58.7×15.7 μm2 of layout area. The post-layout simulation results illustrate that the uniqueness calculated from the inter-die HDs of the 4-bit QUALPUF is 47.58%, the average reliability is 95.10%, and the the energy dissipation is 29.73 fJ/cycle/bit. The functional measurement results of the fabricated chip are the same as the post-layout simulation results. Keywords PUF · Adiabatic logic · Low-power · Hardware security
Introduction A Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) [1] derives the hardware signature that generates from the LSI chip based on the uncontrollable process variations. These errors make the PUF response to be unique and unclonable. In the years following this introduction, an increasing number of new types of PUFs have been proposed, with a tendency towards more LSI constructions. The practical relevance of PUFs for security applications was recognized from the start, with a special focus on the promising properties of physical unclonability and tamper evidence. Silicon based PUFs have been a promising and innovative security technology; therefore This article is part of the topical collection “Hardware-Assisted Security Solutions for Electronic Systems” guest edited by Himanshu Thapliyal, Saraju P. Mohanty, Wujie Wen and Yiran Chen. * Yasuhiro Takahashi yasut@gifu‑u.ac.jp Himanshu Thapliyal [email protected] 1
Department of EECE, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1‑1 Yanagido, Gifu 501‑1193, Japan
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
2
various types of PUFs such as ring-oscillator based [2, 3], SRAM based [4], bistable ring [5], etc. have been developed. In recent years, adiabatic based SRAM PUF has been first presented in [6]. This adiabatic PUF, namely, Quasi-adiabatic logic based physical unclonable function (QUALPUF) has some ultra low-power characteristics; hence it is suitable to implement in low-power portable electronic devices such RFIDs, wireless sensor nodes, etc. However, in [6], the QUALPUF was only evaluated in security metrics including reliability, uniqueness, uniform
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