Quaternized chitosan-assisted in situ synthesized CuS/cellulose nanofibers conductive paper for flexible electrode
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Quaternized chitosan-assisted in situ synthesized CuS/cellulose nanofibers conductive paper for flexible electrode Xiujie Huang1,§, Bichong Luo1,§, Chuanfu Liu1, Linxin Zhong1, Dongdong Ye2, and Xiaoying Wang1 () 1
State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China § Xiujie Huang and Bichong Luo contributed equally to this work. 2
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 11 September 2020 / Revised: 10 November 2020 / Accepted: 13 November 2020
ABSTRACT Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) are considered to be a potential substrate of energy material for energy storage devices due to the foldable, lightweight, recyclable and environmentally friendly feature. However, the energy materials tend to distribute unevenly or fall off from CNF easily, resulting in the decrease of the devices’ overall performance. Here, for the first time, we used quaternized chitosan (QCS) as stabilizer and adhesive to in situ synthesize and deposite copper sulfide nanocrystals (CuS-NCs) on CNF and further obtained the conductive paper for flexible supercapacitors. In the presence of QCS, CuS-NCs deposited in situ on CNF can be capped and stabilized by the QCS molecular chains for uniform distribution, which is conducive to the capacitive behavior and electrochemical stability of composite paper. The result shows that the specific capacitance of the composite paper was as high as 314.3 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, a high rate capacitance of 252.6 F/g was achieved even at a high current density of 10 A/g. It reveals that the composite paper exhibited better electrochemical performance than many other CuS-based electrode materials for supercapacitor. More importantly, the composite paper performed well in various folding state without changing much electrochemical performance. Therefore, this work provides a novel strategy to in situ fabricate paper-based electrode for nextgeneration flexible energy-storage system.
KEYWORDS copper sulfide nanocrystals, cellulose nanofiber, quaternized chitosan, supercapacitors, flexible devices
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Introduction
In recent decades, the ever-increasing development of flexible and wearable electronics devices have appealed to tremendous research interest due to their potential application in portable electronic devices, roll-up displays and implantable medical devices [1, 2]. Generally, these devices require high-performance energy storage systems that are lightweight, ultrathin, flexible, wearable, and even foldable [3, 4]. Supercapacitors, widely recognized as an important class of energy-storage devices, can provide high power density, large capacitance, excellent instant charge and discharge performance, and long cycle life, making them a promising energy storage devices candidate to well meet the power requirements of the above flexible electronics devices [5–8]. In addition, flexible
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