Recent Advances in Tumor Microenvironment Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Materials for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy
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REVIEW
Cite as Nano-Micro Lett. (2020) 12:15 Received: 28 September 2019 Accepted: 17 November 2019 © The Author(s) 2020
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-019-0347-0
Recent Advances in Tumor Microenvironment Hydrogen Peroxide‑Responsive Materials for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy Nan Yang1, Wanyue Xiao1, Xuejiao Song1 *, Wenjun Wang2, Xiaochen Dong1,3 * * Xuejiao Song, [email protected]; Xiaochen Dong, [email protected] Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing 211800, People’s Republic of China 2 School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People’s Republic of China 3 School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, People’s Republic of China 1
HIGHLIGHTS • The reaction mechanism of various kinds of nanomaterials with endogenous H2O2 is outlined. • The design and application guideline for various H2O2-responsive nanomaterials in photodynamic therapy (PDT) are reviewed. • The development and prospect of various H2O2-response nanomaterials for PDT and clinical application are envisioned.
ABSTRACT Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as one of the noninvasive clinical
cancer phototherapies, suffers from the key drawback associated with hypoxia at the tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays an important role in protecting tumor cells from damage caused by common treatments. High concentration of hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2), one of the hallmarks of TME, has been recognized
as a double-edged sword, posing both challenges, and opportunities for cancer
therapy. The promising perspectives, strategies, and approaches for enhanced tumor therapies, including PDT, have been developed based on the fast advances in H2O2-enabled theranostic nanomedicine. In this review, we outline the latest
advances in H 2O2-responsive materials, including organic and inorganic materials for enhanced PDT. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for further research on H2O2-responsive anticancer agents are envisioned. KEYWORDS Tumor microenvironment; H2O2-responsive; Cancer;
Nanomaterials; Photodynamic therapy
1 Introduction Cancer is one of the leading threats to human health and development [1]. Traditional cancer therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have their inherent
drawbacks despite being used clinically for decades [2]. For example, surgery is generally applied to remove tumors for biopsy. But it is not applicable for leukemia and metastatic cancers. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are usually the main treatments for terminal cancer. However, these Vol.:(0123456789)
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traditional therapeutic methods are always accompanied by serious drug resistance and severe side effects, which cause the patients suffering [3]. With the development of nanomaterials, photodynamic therapy (PDT), employing a lightexcited photosensitizer
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