Seismic Hazard Vulnerability of Bengkulu City, Indonesia, Based on Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Seismic Hazard Vulnerability of Bengkulu City, Indonesia, Based on Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis Lindung Zalbuin Mase
Received: 4 April 2019 / Accepted: 18 May 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Bengkulu City is one of cities in Indonesia, which is located on the west coastline of Sumatra. Within last two decades, Bengkulu City had undergone at least two large earthquakes with magnitudes C Mw 7.0. This paper presents a study of deterministic seismic hazard for Bengkulu City. The hazard analysis is initiated by determining the controlling earthquake. Site investigation results are also studied for seismic ground response analysis. Analysis is performed by propagating seismic wave to investigate seismic behaviour during earthquake. Three parameters including peak ground acceleration, spectral acceleration at 0.2 s (SA at 0.2 s), and spectral acceleration at 1 s (SA at 1 s) are analysed to generate seismic hazard maps. In general, this study could help people to understand seismic hazard in Bengkulu City. The results also could recommend local engineers to consider earthquake in structural design and spatial plan in Bengkulu City. Keywords Bengkulu Sumatra Earthquake Seismic hazard
L. Z. Mase (&) Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia e-mail: [email protected]
1 Introduction Indonesian archipelago has known as a ring of fire zone in the world that has complex tectonic settings. Indonesia is also frequently threated by the seismic activities. This is due to the fact that Indonesia is located at the boundary of three active plates, i.e. Indo–Australian plate, Eurasian plate, and Pacific plate (Bird et al. 2002). In Sumatra Region, the activity of oblique plate convergence between Indo–Australian plate and Eurasian plate, which is also known as Sumatra Subduction Zone, frequently triggers earthquakes in western part of Sumatra Island. The movement rate of this zone is about 6 cm/year. It also indicates that earthquake rupture is very possible to happen along the movement (Ambikapathy et al. 2010). McCaffrey (1992) also stated that in Sumatra Region, oblique plate convergence between Indio– Australian and Sunda plates is partitioned into arc normal motion in the frontal arc and arc parallel motion on Sumatra fault system in the back arc region. Mase (2017a) has recorded that at least 7 large earthquakes had occurred due to the Sumatra Subduction and Sumatra Fault. Those earthquakes include the megathrust earthquake of Banda Aceh that had triggered the mega tsunami of Indian Ocean in 2004. From the fact, Sieh (2007) suggested that along western coastline of Sumatra Island could be the most impacted region due to large earthquakes occurred in Sumatra Arc.
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Geotech Geol Eng
Bengkulu City, the capital city of Bengkulu Province, which is located on the western coastal area of Bengkulu Province in Sumatra Island, Indonesia, has the long history of earthquakes. The
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