Silk fibroin/collagen 3D scaffolds loaded with TiO 2 nanoparticles for skin tissue regeneration
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Silk fibroin/collagen 3D scaffolds loaded with TiO2 nanoparticles for skin tissue regeneration Hamad Khalid1 · Haffsah Iqbal1 · Rabia Zeeshan1 · Muhammad Nasir1 · Faiza Sharif1 · Muhammad Akram1 · Masooma Irfan2 · Farooq Azam Khan3 · Aqif Anwar Chaudhry1 · Ather Farooq Khan1 Received: 14 February 2020 / Revised: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract One of the biggest present challenges for clinicians is to regenerate the skin tissues which are lost due to trauma or diseases. Although the autografts are considered as the gold standard, yet they have their own limitations. However, a proper biocompatible, flexible, and mechanically stable, moisture retentive, and permeable synthetic membrane could be used instead of autografts. Silk fibroin (SF) is a protein based mechanically strong, biocompatible, biodegradable, and permeable material which has been used in wide range of applications like cosmetics, foods, drugs, tissue engineering, and wound healing. Similarly, collagen (CG) is biocompatible and biodegradable protein-based natural polymer. T iO2 particles have antibacterial properties. Keeping in mind the properties of these materials, we designed SF/CG membranes loaded with TiO2 particles for skin tissue regeneration using freeze drying technique. Starting with degumming of silk from B. mori, SF was extracted and regenerated which was used for further studies. The membranes were fabricated in two series; in first series concentration of T iO2 was optimized only in silk; in second series SF/CG/TiO2 membranes were fabricated with two different concentrations of CG. Membranes were characterized by FTIR and SEM. For the biological use of asprepared membranes, swelling and degradation studies in H 2O2 and lysozyme were carried out. Antibacterial studies were carried out on S. aureus and E. coli. To check the biocompatibility and cell toxicity, Alamar Blue Assay was performed. Attachment of cell with scaffolds was studied with Cell Attachment Assay and photos of
* Hamad Khalid [email protected] * Ather Farooq Khan [email protected] 1
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
2
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
3
Sharif Medical City Hospital, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
cell attachment were recorded with SEM. Overall, the membranes showed good antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. On the basis of these results, the fabricated membranes are potential candidates for skin tissue regeneration and wound healing application. Graphic abstract
Keywords Silk fibroin · Collagen · 3D scaffolds · Antibacterial · Biocompatible
Introduction Skin is referred as the largest tissue of the human body as it covers approximately 8% of the total body mass [1, 2]. Skin plays crucial physiological role to maintain vital hom
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