Smelting practice of scrap addition in blast furnace and theoretical analysis of cost saving
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Smelting practice of scrap addition in blast furnace and theoretical analysis of cost saving Yong Deng1,2 · Jian‑liang Zhang3 · Ran Liu1,2 · Ke‑xin Jiao3 · Bing‑ji Yan4 Received: 30 July 2019 / Revised: 27 November 2019 / Accepted: 6 December 2019 © China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group 2020
Abstract The recycling of scrap has attracted more attention in recent years, and scrap can be used as iron-bearing material to smelt hot metal. The smelting practice of blast furnace (BF) with scrap addition in China was investigated, with the types of scrap being small pieces of scrap, such as crushed materials, light and thin materials, and small compacts which were easy to be added into BFs. The higher productivity of BFs with scrap addition was observed compared with that of BFs without scrap addition at the same volume, and the positive correlation between production increase rate and addition amount of scrap was found. The reducing agent rate of most BFs with scrap addition was lower than the average reducing agent rate at the same volume, while the gas utilization of BFs with scrap addition would not be reduced significantly. The theoretical analysis of cost saving was carried out as well, and the results indicated that the cost could be saved by scrap addition. The melting and carburizing were the two main processes of scrap in BF, in which three steps were involved in the melting process of scrap. The amount of carburization depended on the carbon content of hot metal in hearth and the original carbon content in scrap. The calculation showed that the coke rate could be reduced by 27 kg with 100 kg scrap addition per ton of hot metal, and the saving cost was decided by the amount of scrap and the actual situation of BF. Keywords Blast furnace · Scrap addition · Smelting practice · Cost saving
1 Introduction In recent years, more and more scholars have paid attention to the change in the ecological environment, and energy saving and emission reduction are the only way out for the iron and steel industry [1–5]. With the rapid increase in scrap storage, the recycling of scrap has become an effective
* Ran Liu [email protected] 1
Institute for Metallurgical Engineering and Technology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
2
College of Metallurgy and Energy, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Metallurgy Technology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
3
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
4
School of Iron and Steel, Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, Jiangsu, China
method of energy saving and emission reduction for the iron and steel industry [6–12]. Scrap can be used as iron-bearing material which is added from the top of blast furnace (BF) [13]. Some scholars suggested that scrap can be included in the burden structure of BF to form “four-element” burden structure, which is “sinter + pellet + lump + s
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