Spot urine samples to estimate 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in school-age children
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Spot urine samples to estimate 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in school-age children Yan Paccaud 1,2 & Magali Rios-Leyvraz 3 & Murielle Bochud 3 & René Tabin 1,2 & Bernard Genin 1,2 & Michel Russo 1 & Michel F Rossier 2,4 & Pascal Bovet 3 & Arnaud Chiolero 5,6,7 & Paloma Parvex 2 Received: 7 February 2020 / Revised: 13 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (UCa/Cr) on a single spot urine sample is frequently used in children to evaluate calciuria, but its accuracy to estimate 24-h urinary calcium excretion (24hUCa) has not been properly assessed. We analyzed the correlation between UCa/Cr in various spot samples and 24hUCa among healthy children. A 24-h urine specimen and three spot urine samples (evening, first, and second morning) were collected in a convenience sample of children aged 6 to 16 years (n = 101). Measured 24hUCa was compared with UCa/Cr in each of the three spot samples. The ability of UCa/Cr to discriminate between children with and without hypercalciuria (calciuria > 4 mg/kg/24 h, 1 mmol/kg/24 h) and optimal timing of the spot sample were determined. Eighty-five children completed an adequate 24-h urine collection. Pearson correlation coefficients between the UCa/ Cr on the spot sample and 24hUCa were 0.64, 0.71, and 0.52 for the evening, first, and second morning spot samples, respectively. Areas under the ROC curve were 0.90, 0.82, and 0.75, respectively, for the corresponding spot samples. Conclusion: The relatively strong correlation between 24hUCa and UCa/Cr in evening and first morning spot urine samples suggests that these spots could be preferred in clinical practice. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02900261, date of trial registration 14 September 2016. What is Known: •Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio on a single spot urine sample is frequently used as a proxy for 24-h urinary calcium excretion. •Correlation of these indicators, including the best timing for spot urine sampling, has not been properly assessed.
Yan Paccaud, Magali Rios-Leyvraz, Arnaud Chiolero and Paloma Parvex contributed equally to this work. Communicated by Gregorio Paolo Milan Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03662-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yan Paccaud [email protected] Magali Rios-Leyvraz [email protected] Murielle Bochud [email protected] René Tabin [email protected] Bernard Genin [email protected]
Michel Russo [email protected] Michel F Rossier [email protected] Pascal Bovet [email protected] Arnaud Chiolero [email protected] Paloma Parvex [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Eur J Pediatr What is New: •Relatively strong correlations were found between the calcium/creatinine ratio on a single spot urine sample and 24-h urinary calcium excretion i
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