Structure and Thermomechanical Properties of Systems Based on Epoxy Polymer, Metal Oxides, and Polyaniline
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STRUCTURE AND THERMOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SYSTEMS BASED ON EPOXY POLYMER, METAL OXIDES, AND POLYANILINE V. L. Demchenko,1, 2 V. O. Vilens’kyi,1 and V. І. Shtompel’1
UDC 678.01: 539.2: 537.63
We study the structure and thermomechanical properties of systems based on epoxy polymer, metal oxides, and polyaniline. It is shown that iron oxide in a mixture with polyaniline begins to reveal its crystalline structure in the composite for a fairly low concentration level (1.0 vol.%) unlike aluminum oxide, which does not reveal its structure even for its high contents. The investigations reveal a strong dependence of the microheterogeneous structure of composites on the type of metal atoms in oxides. By the method of thermomechanical analysis, we show that the composites based on the epoxy polymer and a mixture of polyaniline with one of the metal oxides ( Al 2O 3 or Fe 2O 3 ) are characterized by the abnormal expandability ( α1 = 25%). Keywords: epoxy polymer, metal oxide, polyaniline, structure, thermomechanical properties.
Polymeric composites may satisfy the major part of requirements to the materials with necessary functional properties [1]. Due to the high adhesion to various materials, epoxy polymers (EP) serve as a base for the development of promising polymeric materials and, in particular, composites based on these polymers. Hence, the regularities of their formation serve as an object of thorough investigations [2–4]. The procedure of filling of EP (in the stage of their curing), in particular, by metal oxides, substantially changes the thermal, thermomechanical, dielectric, electrophysical, magnetic, and other properties, which enables one to obtain polymeric materials with certain required technological and operating characteristics [5]. For the creation of polymeric composites based on EP, we used polyaniline (PAn) and one of the metal oxides ( Al 2O 3 or Fe 2O 3 ). Since PAn is affined to the material of the polymeric matrix, in order to increase the number of NH-groups in the system, we choose as fillers either polar polymeric ferromagnetics (PAn, Fe 2O 3 ) or polar polymeric diamagnetics (PAn, Al 2O 3 ). The aim of the present work is to study the structure and thermomechanical properties of the composites based on the epoxy polymer and the fillers: (PAn, Fe 2O 3 ) or (PAn, Al 2O 3 ).
Material and Methods of Investigation We studied composites obtained on the basis of epoxy resin (ER) ЕD-20 (GOST 10577-84, Russia) cured with the use of triethylenetetramine (TETA) (produced at the RIAP Plant, Ukraine) by mixing these substances in the stoichiometric ratio. As fillers, we used highly dispersed powders of metal oxides (with particle sizes of ∼ 200 nm), namely, Fe 2O 3 (TU 6-09-1418-78), Al 2O 3 (TU 6-09-426-75), and PAn (∼ 1 µm),. The PAn used in our tests was syn1 2
Institute of Chemistry of High-Molecular Compounds, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine. Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected].
Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 128–133, J
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