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Emanuele Albano Maurizio Parola Editors

Studies on Hepatic Disorders

Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice

Editor-in-Chief Donald Armstrong

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8145

Note from the Editor-in-Chief All books in this series illustrate point-of-care testing and critically evaluate the potential of antioxidant supplementation in various medical disorders associated with oxidative stress. Future volumes will be updated as warranted by emerging new technology, or from studies reporting clinical trials. Donald Armstrong Editor-in-Chief

Emanuele Albano • Maurizio Parola Editors

Studies on Hepatic Disorders

Editors Emanuele Albano Department of Health Sciences University of Eastern Piedmont Amedeo Avogadro Novara, Italy

Maurizio Parola Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology School of Medicine, University of Torino Torino, Italy

ISSN 2197-7224 ISSN 2197-7232 (electronic) Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice ISBN 978-3-319-15538-8 ISBN 978-3-319-15539-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15539-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015936281 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is a brand of Springer Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

The role of oxidative stress in causing liver diseases emerged in the early 1960s from the laboratories of Trevor Slater, Mario Umberto Dianzani and others. These pioneering works demonstrated that free radical intermediates and lipid peroxidation reactions were involved in causing tissue injury by hepatotoxic agents. With time, two additional concepts became increasingly clear, placing liver redox mechanisms at the forefront of biomedical research. Fi