Studies on Renal Disorders

Conditions such as oxidative stress and hypoxia, which have a generalized impact on the oxygen metabolism, have been implicated in the genesis of kidney disease. This means that deepening our understanding of the pathobiology of oxygen metabolism in such

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Editor-in-Chief Donald Armstrong

For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/8145

Note from the Editor-in-Chief All books in this series illustrate point-of-care testing and critically evaluate the potential of antioxidant supplementation in various medical disorders associated with oxidative stress. Future volumes will be up-dated as warranted by emerging new technology, or from studies reporting clinical trials. Donald Armstrong Editor-in-Chief

Toshio Miyata Kai-Uwe Eckardt Masaomi Nangaku l

Editors

Studies on Renal Disorders

Editors Toshio Miyata Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART) Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan [email protected]

Kai-Uwe Eckardt Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg Krankenhausstrasse 10-12 D-91054 Erlangen, Germany [email protected]. uni-erlangen.de

Masaomi Nangaku University of Tokyo School of Medicine 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8655 Japan [email protected]

ISBN 978-1-60761-856-0 e-ISBN 978-1-60761-857-7 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-857-7 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Broad derangements of oxygen metabolism, such as oxidative stress and hypoxia, have been implicated in the genesis of kidney disease, independently of hemodynamic and metabolic abnormalities. They further impact various biological reactions linked to oxygen metabolism, such as nitrosative stress, advanced glycation, carbonyl stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This causal role of impaired oxygen metabolism in kidney disease has implications for our understanding of current therapeutic benefits accruing from antihypertensive agent

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