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Ó Indian Academy of Sciences Sadhana (0123456789().,-volV)FT3](0123456 789().,-volV)

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Supercapacitive performance of nitrogen doped porous carbon based material for supercapacitor application XIANYONG HONGa, JINGHUA LIa, GUISHENG ZHUa,*, HUARUI XUa, XIUYUN ZHANGa, YUNYUN ZHAOa, DONGLIANG YANa, KAOXIANG CHENa, FANGJIE LIAOa and AIBING YUb a Guangxi

Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology, Guilin 541004, People’s Republic of China b ARC Hub for Computational Particle Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] MS received 14 September 2019; revised 18 November 2019; accepted 24 November 2019

Abstract. Honeycomb nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) was prepared for supercapacitor applications by hydrothermal carbonization and KOH activation process. This process used glucose as the carbon source and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane diamine tetraacetic acid as the nitrogen source. It can both control the morphology and improve the electrical performances of the as-achieved NPC. The porous carbon electrode offers improved electrochemical properties with a capacitance as high as 423 F/g at 0.5 A/g. There was excellent cycling stability with 92.5% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 10 A/g current density as well as good rate performance with 300 F/g even at 20 A/g. This is due to the hierarchical porous structure, high specific surface area, numerous nitrogen groups, and good electrical conductivity. Moreover, the symmetric supercapacitor based on the porous carbon materials in neat DLC301 electrolyte delivers a high energy density of 58.75 Wh/kg and an excellent power density of 250 W/kg. Two assembled supercapacitors were connected and utilized for the driving recorder to work normally for 15 s. These satisfactory electrochemical properties indicate that the honeycomb 3D porous carbon has good prospects as an electrode for supercapacitors. Keywords. Honeycomb; 3D porous carbon; CDTA; Supercapacitors.

1. Introduction Supercapacitors (SCs), also known as electrochemical capacitors or ultra-capacitors, have attracted much attention because of their good energy density, high power density, long-term cycling stability, simple principle, and high dynamics of charge propagation.1–3 Activated carbons,4,5 conducting polymers,6 graphenes,7 metal oxides/nitrides,8 and carbon nanotube9 are often used as electrode materials for SCs. Activated carbon attracts more attention from researchers compared to other materials because it is readily available and low cost with a high specific surface area, good conductivity, good cycle performance and strong corrosion resistance. Glucose is the most common carbon source. However, due to the absence of appropriate structural directing agents, glucose is often used as a carbon source with only a *For correspondence

smaller specific surface area and lower specific capacitance. Xie et al., synthesized the 3D porous carbon from glucose. The 3D porous carbon was activa