Synthesis and Differential Antibacterial Activity of Bioconjugated Bimetallic Nanoparticles
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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, Vol. 54, No. 8, November, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 54, No. 8, August, 2020)
SYNTHESIS AND DIFFERENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BIOCONJUGATED BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES Nabanita Patra,1,* Anupam Sahoo,2 and Anindita Behera1 Original article submitted April 28, 2019. Core-shell nanoparticles are preferable due to their new and/or improved properties over monometallic nanoparticles. Shell metals are present as a film on the surface of a core metal, which leads to an increase in reactivity of the surface. The synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles using biomolecules is an important strategy to get more activity with less toxicity. The present work was intended to prepare bimetallic nanoparticle preparation by green synthetic method. Aqueous extract of Muntingia calabura flowers was used for the preparation of metal core-shell nanoparticles where flower extract acted as both reducing agent and stabilizing agent. Monometallic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were prepared using metal precursors chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) and silver nitrate (AgNO3), respectively. For the preparation of bimetallic core-shell nanoparticles, a shell metal precursor (copper acetate) was added. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by various instrumental methods including UV–Vis spectrophotometry, TEM and SEM techniques, and EDX spectral analysis. Preliminary antibacterial screening of Au@Cu NP and Ag@Cu NP was performed by disk diffusion assay. TEM and SEM images showed that Au@Cu NPs were spherical whereas Ag@Cu NPs had irregular shapes. The EDX analysis revealed that more Cu was deposited in AuCuNPs than in AgCuNPs. The antibacterial activity assay proved that spherical AuCuNPs were more potent than irregular shaped AgCuNPs. Keywords: core-shell nanoparticles; Muntingia calabura; Au@Cu NPs; Ag@Cu NPs; antibacterial activity.
living organisms which catalyzes different biochemical processes such as protein regulation, electron transport, hormonal signaling, redox cycles, etc. [6, 7]. Thus, it is assumed that CuNPs are more biocompatible than other metal nanoparticles with medicinal importance. However, excess consumption of copper may cause adverse effects such as hepatocirrhosis, hemolysis, gastrointestinal distress, kidney damage and even death [8, 9]. On the other hand, core-shell nanoparticles are preferable over monometallic nanoparticles due to their new or improved properties. Integration of multiple metals into a single unit improves the properties of material via synergistic interaction. For example, Au@Cu NP display higher antioxidant property than CuNP only. This is probably due to the higher electron affinity of Au (2.309 eV) core, which attract the electron from Cu (1.228 eV) shell and, therefore, lower density of electrons on Cu shell is unfavorable for oxidation [10]. Moreover, shell metals are present as a film on surface of core metal which leads to increased surface reactivity at smaller amount. This helps to get more activity with less amount of metal w
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