Synthesis of copper-silver doped hydroxyapatite via ultrasonic coupled sol-gel techniques: structural and antibacterial
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ORIGINAL PAPER: SOL-GEL AND HYBRID MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL AND HEALTH (MEDICAL) APPLICATIONS
Synthesis of copper-silver doped hydroxyapatite via ultrasonic coupled sol-gel techniques: structural and antibacterial studies S. Kamonwannasit1 C. M. Futalan2 P. Khemthong3 T. Butburee3 A. Karaphun4 P. Phatai ●
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Received: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Fabrication of hydroxyapatite (HA) via doping with metal ions to enhance its antibacterial properties has attracted much interest. The present study aims to synthesize copper-silver doped hydroxyapatite particles (Cu-Ag doped HA) with an improved antibacterial activity through a sol-gel technique coupled with ultrasonic irradiation. The doping materials consist of Cu2+ and Ag+ ions with precursor molar ratios of 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0. The physicochemical properties of Ca9.0Cu1.0-xAgx(PO4)6(OH)2 samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (TEM-EDS). Characterization studies revealed that Cu2+ and Ag+ ions were incorporated into a hexagonal framework of HA. The main functional groups were identified as hydroxyl (OH−) and phosphate (PO43−) moieties. Their morphologies were rod-shaped with various diameters and particle size distributions, depending on the molar ratio of Cu2+ to Ag+. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using an agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus epidermis, S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was found that Cu-Ag doped HA is an effective antibacterial agent. Ca9.0Cu0.5Ag0.5(PO4)6(OH)2 showed the best antibacterial performance against all bacterial strains with inhibition zones ranging from 13 to 17 mm, indicating its suitability as an antibacterial material in biomedical applications.
Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05407-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * P. Phatai [email protected] 1
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National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Burapha University, Sakaeo 27160, Thailand
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Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Department of Environmental Science, Ateneo de Manila University, 1108 Quezon City, Philippines
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Antibacterial activity Copper Hydroxyapatite Silver Sol-gel technique ●
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Highlights 1. Ultrasonic treatment combined with a sol-gel technique synthesized well dispersed, rod-shaped Cu-Ag doped HA. 2. Ca9.0Cu0.5Ag0.5(PO4)6(OH)2 has excellent antibacteri
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