The Determination of Toxic Metals in some Traditional Cosmetic Products and Health Risk Assessment
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The Determination of Toxic Metals in some Traditional Cosmetic Products and Health Risk Assessment Serpil Kilic 1
&
Murat Kilic 2
&
Mustafa Soylak 3,4
Received: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In present study, the levels of some toxic elements in 19 different home-made cosmetic products (spray hair dye, henna, tattoo, eyeliner, eye mascara, smear, lip moisturizer, and lipstick) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion. The ICP-MS results were verified by the analyzing certificated reference material (EnviroMAT Drinking Water, High).The detection limit (LOD) was set from 0.1 to 0.2 and the quantification limit (LOQ) from 0.2 to 0.8 μg L−1 and the recoveries estimated from 99% to 109%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) (%) for elements was determined in the range of 0.9 and 2.1%. Although various concentrations of arsenic (As),cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cupper (Cu), and nickel (Ni) were determined in some samples, lead (Pb) concentration was found in all the samples. Data obtained were compared with the permissible limit of cosmetic products by the WHO. The concentration of Pb in smear samples was higher than the permitted limit created by the WHO, and Ni concentration in the some samples exceeds the limit set by the WHO. The rank order of toxic elements based on THQ index was Cr > Pb > Ni. The potential non-carcinogenic was considerably lower than the safe risk limits (THQ > 1). Keywords Cosmetics . ICP-MS . Risk assessment . Toxic metals
Introduction Heavy metals have many positive or negative effects on the lives of humans and other living creatures [1–4]. For example, while the copper element is a necessary and useful element for living organisms, it is known as an element known as arsenic poison [5–8]. For these reasons, the determinations of these trace metals * Serpil Kilic [email protected] Murat Kilic [email protected] Mustafa Soylak [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics and Automation, Vocational High School of Technical Sciences, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey
2
Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
4
Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
in food, soil, and other environments are important for science fields such as chemistry, environment, and health [9–12]. Cosmetics can be absorbed through the skin and cause systemic toxicity. Hundreds of chemical products are used in many cosmetic products. This can various disorders and can also result cancer, respiratory diseases, organ dysfunctions, and mental retardation. Even at very low levels of exposure, cadmium can cause kidney and bone damage. Chrome is used in cosmetics for paint purposes. Its toxicity may cause rash on the skin, kidney and liver damag
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